Low temperature synthesis of hexagonal ZnO nanorods and their hydrogen sensing properties

Qurashi, Ahsanulhaq; Faiz, M.; Tabet, Nouar; Alam, Mir Waqas

doi:10.1016/j.spmi.2011.05.014

Cited by 40 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…However, N 1s peak was not detected in any of the precipitates, although LBZN was known to be present. This is a situation similar to other studies of ZnO synthesis using Zn(NO 3 ) 2 •6H 2 O as a precursor where a N 1s peak was not detectable using XPS 86,87 or only a signal of very low intensity was found. 84,88 The relation of Zn/O was calculated for these samples (Table 3), and as expected, the values increased as ZnO was formed.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

New Insights into the Mechanism of ZnO Formation from Aqueous Solutions of Zinc Acetate and Zinc Nitrate

et al. 2014

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The controlled synthesis of ZnO at the micro- and nanoscale has been the focus of significant research due to its importance in electrical and optoelectronic applications, and the potential of tuning its properties at the crystal formation stage. We present a detailed study of ZnO growth processes which supports and consolidates previous findings and gives a clearer understanding of the mechanism of ZnO formation. The influence of synthesis conditions on ZnO formation was investigated by comparison of two different growth routes (Zn(CH3COO)2–NH3 and Zn(NO3)2·6H2O−HMTA) both known to result in the formation of wurtzite structured, twinned hexagonal rods of ZnO. The identities of the solid phases formed and supernatants were confirmed by data from SEM, XRD, FTIR, XPS, TGA, and ICP-OES analysis; giving insight into the involvement of multistep pathways. In both cases, reaction takes place via intermediates known as layered basic zinc salts (LBZs) which only later transform to the oxide phase. In the ZnAc2–NH3 system, crystal growth evolves as Zn(CH3COO)2 → LBZA (A: acetate) → ZnO through a dissolution/reprecipitation process, with the formation of an additional product identified as LBZAC (C: carbonate). In contrast, in the Zn(NO3)2·6H2O−HMTA system, solid-phase transformation occurs as Zn(NO3)2·6H2O → LBZN (N: nitrate) → ZnO with no evidence of dissolution. Similar comprehensive studies can be applied to other solid-state processes to further advance functional materials design.

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Section: ■ Results and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

New Insights into the Mechanism of ZnO Formation from Aqueous Solutions of Zinc Acetate and Zinc Nitrate

et al. 2014

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“…The binding energy difference between the two lines is 23.15 eV, which is well lying within the standard reference value of ZnO. 12 On the other hand, the O 1s spectrum (not shown) shows mainly a peak at 530.5 eV with a small shoulder at about 532.0 eV. The peak is assigned to oxygen atoms bound to Zn in ZnO while the shoulder has been assigned by many authors to the presence of moisture as its binding energy lies between 531.5 eV (OH − and 533 eV (H 2 O).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

Synthesis of Quantum-Sized ZnO Nanoparticles in Different Medium and Their Application to NO<SUB>2</SUB> Sensors

Bai

Hu²,

Li³

et al. 2013

j. nanosci. nanotech.

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Quantum-sized ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized using zinc acetate dihydrate through a sol-gel process in different mediums: water, ethanol and methanol. Three types of modifiers: tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and oleic acid (OA) were added to control the growth of the ZnO nanoparticles and inhibit Ostwald ripening. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analyses revealed that ZnO have a hexagonal crystal structure, the estimated average crystallite sizes of modified ZnO are in the range of 4.5-10 nm, while the crystallite sizes of non-modified ZnO are large than 20 nm. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses obtained the surface composition and chemical states of the products of ZnO. In this paper, the obtained quantum-sized ZnO nanoparticles as a novel sensing material were used to detect NO2 in environment. The sensing tests indicated that the ZnO based sensors not only have high response to NO2 but also exhibited high selectivity to CO and CH4 at low operating temperature of 290 degrees C.

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“…The other reason could be the SnO 2 surface, which is vulnerable to interact with hydrogen. The working principal of the oxide-based sensor is to change the conductance with the interface of the analyte gas [24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. This effect demonstrated that higher surface area offers better adsorption locations for the exterior reaction.…”

Section: Electrical and Hydrogen Sensing Properties Of Sno 2 Nanopartmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sonochemical-driven ultrafast facile synthesis of SnO2 nanoparticles: Growth mechanism structural electrical and hydrogen gas sensing properties

Ullah

Khan

Yamani

et al. 2017

Ultrasonics Sonochemistry

Self Cite

125

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Synthesis of SnO nanoparticles have been successfully accomplished moderately at lower temperature by facile, rapid, efficient and mild ultrasonic irradiation method. The as-grown SnO nanoparticles are investigated by various characterization techniques in terms of structural, optical, electrical and gas sensing properties. XRD investigation has shown that the SnO nanoparticles materials exhibit single rutile crystal phase with high crystallinity. FESEM studies showed uniform and monodisperse morphology of SnO nanoparticles. The chemical composition of SnO was systematically studied by EDX measurements. Additional confirmation of three Raman shifts (432, 630, 772cm) indicated the characteristic properties of the rutile phase of the as-grown SnO nanoparticles. The optical properties of SnO nanoparticles were examined by DRS, and the electronic band gap of SnO nanoparticles were around 3.6eV. Electrical properties of the SnO nanoparticles measured at various temperatures have shown the semiconducting properties. Surface area and pore size of synthesized nanoparticles were analyzed from BET. It has been revealed that SnO nanoparticles have surface area is 47.8574m/g and the pore size is 10.5nm. Moreover, hydrogen gas sensor made of SnO nanoparticles showed good sensitivity and faster response for the hydrogen gas. This method is template-less and surfactant-free which circumvents rigorous reaction work-up for the former removal, reaction temperature and reaction time compared to hydrothermal synthesis and pertinent to many other oxide materials.

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Low temperature synthesis of hexagonal ZnO nanorods and their hydrogen sensing properties

Cited by 40 publications

References 30 publications

New Insights into the Mechanism of ZnO Formation from Aqueous Solutions of Zinc Acetate and Zinc Nitrate

New Insights into the Mechanism of ZnO Formation from Aqueous Solutions of Zinc Acetate and Zinc Nitrate

Synthesis of Quantum-Sized ZnO Nanoparticles in Different Medium and Their Application to NO<SUB>2</SUB> Sensors

Sonochemical-driven ultrafast facile synthesis of SnO2 nanoparticles: Growth mechanism structural electrical and hydrogen gas sensing properties

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