<em>Vernonia amygdalina</em> leaf extract and alpha-tocopherol alleviated gamma radiation-induced haematological and biochemical changes in rats

Abstract

The methanolic extract of Vernonia amygdalina (MEVA) has previously been shown to possess antioxidant property and provide radioprotection in the brain and liver of rats, but this effect has not been tested in blood cells. The objective of this study was to test if MEVA could offer radioprotection for blood cells of rats using alpha-tocopherol (TOCO) as a standard antioxidant. Forty-two male albino Wistar rats, aged 12-14 weeks were randomly divided into seven groups of six rats each. The control group received distilled water orally, while other groups received either MEVA, MEVA with radiation, or radiation alone. Rats were treated for 14 days, irradiated on the 15 th day, euthanized on the 16 th day, and their blood investigated using standard methods. Data were analyzed using ANOVA with post-hoc test. Results showed that radiation caused a reduction in the haemoglobin, red blood cells and packed cell volume, which pretreatment with MEVA did not improve, whereas TOCO caused a significant increase in the values. The radiation-induced reduction of lymphocytes and increases in the liver enzymes was mitigated by pretreatment with both MEVA and TOCO. This study demonstrated that MEVA and TOCO provided radio-protection for rat's lymphocytes and the liver enzymes.

Assessment of the haematological indices of albino rats fed diets supplemented with jackfruit bulb, seed or a blend of bulb and seed

“…Haematological indices such as the number and morphology of erythrocytes, leucocytes, and thrombocytes are useful in disease diagnosis and monitoring (Oyewole et al, 2009;Owoeye et al, 2011;Celik et al, 2015). According to Etim et al (2014), the examination of blood provides the opportunity to clinically investigate the nutritional, physiological and pathological status of an individual or an animal.…”

Protective effects of coconut water against the intraperitoneal infused carbon tetrachloride-induced toxicity—evaluations of biochemical, haematological and histopathological profiles in rats

“…Haematological parameters are those that relate to blood and blood-forming organs. The quantity and shape of RBC, WBC and platelets are important in disease diagnosis and monitoring (Owoeye et al 2011). In this work, groups pretreated with coconut water prior to CCl 4 induction had a significant haematoprotective effect Table 2 Protective effect of coconut water on kidney biomarkers of carbon tetrachloride-induced toxicity in male (A) and female (B) rats Na + , sodium ion; Cl − , chloride ion; K + , potassium ion; and HCO 3 − , bicarbonate.…”

Radioprotective potential of Costus afer against the radiation-induced hematological and histopathological damage in mice

“…A non-significant decrease in the mean of RBC was observed in the mice exposed to both radiation doses. This may be attributed to erythrocyte’s relatively radioresistant nature compared with other blood’s cellular components [ 4 ]. The observed decrease in the mean value of erythrocytes observed in this study might be due to mature RBC damage.…”

“…In assessing the degree of radiation exposure to the body, changes in blood values have been established as being an advantage. The hematopoietic system, consisting of bone marrow and lymph tissues, has been described as the body’s most radiosensitive organ [ 4 ]. Two modes of treatment for cancer are predominant aside from surgery.…”