<p>Circulating Neutrophil-Derived Microparticles Associated with the Prognosis of Patients with Sepsis</p>

Abstract

Introduction Because of its high morbidity and mortality, sepsis remains the leading cause of death in the ICU. Microparticles (MP) have been largely studied as potential diagnostic or prognostic markers in various diseases including sepsis. Objective The biological and clinical relevance of neutrophil-derived microparticles (NDMPs) within the MP population remains unclear. The objective of this study was to elucidate the relationship between plasma NDMPs and the prognosis of patients with sepsis and/or septic shock. Methods The study was designed as an observational, noninterventional clinical study. The cohort for this study included 40 sepsis and 40 septic shock patients together with 10 healthy controls admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and the Health Surveillance Center in the Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China, from January to November 2018, respectively. The degree of critical disease for sepsis and septic shock was evaluated, with data analyses conducted from 2018 to 2019. Results On days 1, 3 and 5 post-admission a series of data including plasma NDMP levels, patient demographics, TNF-α levels, IL-6 levels, sTREM-1 levels, and the sepsis severity score measurements were collected. A survival curve was plotted against levels of plasma NDMPs. Levels of NDMPs were observed to be higher in the septic shock patients than in the sepsis patients on days 1, 3, and 5 post-ICU admission ( p < 0.05). NDMP levels were significantly increased in sepsis and septic shock patients with a parallel increase in pro-inflammatory mediators and sepsis severity score ( p < 0.05) as well as mortality. Conclusion Our data suggest that NDMPs may be a biomarker of sepsis severity and mortality although its implications on sepsis prognosis warrant further study.

The Serum from Patients with Secondary Frozen Shoulder Following Rotator Cuff Repair Induces Shoulder Capsule Fibrosis and Promotes Macrophage Polarization and Fibroblast Activation

“…In recent years, much advancement has been achieved on the contents of serum. Exosomes and other micro-vehicles have been found to shuttle DNA, RNA, and even protein to target cells 62 and influence cell phenotype. 63 Considering the complexity of pinpointing the specific pro-fibrotic component, the current study mainly focused on the general effect of serum.…”

Role of neutrophils, platelets, and extracellular vesicles and their interactions in COVID‐19‐associated thrombopathy

“…It is noteworthy that circulating neutrophil EVs constitute a bad prognosis marker for sepsis patients 111 and are responsible of matrix degradation in chronic lung diseases through NE exposure. 112 Altogether these data suggest that EVs likely enhance thromboinflammation in COVID‐19 patients and cause major lung dysfunction.…”

Extracellular Vesicles in Innate Immune Cell Programming

“…Phagocytosis of apoptotic neutrophils is known to induce antiinflammatory responses in macrophages and mediates tissue repair and healing in vivo following myocardial infarction [37]. These anti-inflammatory effects are partially mediated by neutrophil proteins such as interleukin-10 (IL-10) [37] and by neutrophil derived EV [38][39][40][41][42][43]. Neutrophils can release at least two sub-classes of EV, termed: neutrophil derived trails (NDTRS), which are generated by integrin mediated interactions by migrating neutrophils in response to vascular wall forces and neutrophil derived microvesicles (NDMV), which are dependent on the PI3K pathway and released by membrane blebbing following neutrophil activation [41,42].…”

“…NDMV express EV marker CD63, adhesion molecules CD11b, CD18, CD62L, the complement receptors CR1, CD55, granule proteins myeloperoxidase (MPO) and lactoferrin, which enable receptor mediated signalling in recipient cells. NDMV are present in the plasma of healthy individuals and show augmentation in patients with sepsis [43] and NDMV express EV marker CD63, adhesion molecules CD11b, CD18, CD62L, the complement receptors CR1, CD55, granule proteins myeloperoxidase (MPO) and lactoferrin, which enable receptor mediated signalling in recipient cells. NDMV are present in the plasma of healthy individuals and show augmentation in patients with sepsis [43] and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) [45].…”

“…NDMV are present in the plasma of healthy individuals and show augmentation in patients with sepsis [43] and NDMV express EV marker CD63, adhesion molecules CD11b, CD18, CD62L, the complement receptors CR1, CD55, granule proteins myeloperoxidase (MPO) and lactoferrin, which enable receptor mediated signalling in recipient cells. NDMV are present in the plasma of healthy individuals and show augmentation in patients with sepsis [43] and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) [45]. NDMV reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in neighbouring neutrophils, leading to an anti-inflammatory phenotype [44].…”