<p>Electrospun Fibers Immobilized with BMP-2 Mediated by Polydopamine Combined with Autogenous Tendon to Repair Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip in a Porcine Model</p>

Abstract

Purpose Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) can increase the pressure between the joints, which causes secondary hip osteoarthritis. The aim of the present study was to fabricate poly(D, L-lactic acid)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(D, L-lactic acid) (PELA) electrospun fibrous scaffolds, immobilized with bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), to repair the acetabulum defects. Methods The characteristics of PELA electrospun were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, the release kinetics of BMP-2 in vitro were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) were used for in vitro experiments, the biocompatibility of the electrospinning materials was investigated using a cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) kit, and osteogenic differentiation was tested via alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and relative gene expression. Eighteen miniature pig animal models were used in the in vivo experiment. The pigs were sacrificed at 24 weeks after surgery, and the reconstructed acetabulum was evaluated using histological sections. Results Structural analysis revealed that the diameter of the PELA electrospun fiber was 0.8195 ± 0.16 μm. The PELA electrospun fiber materials showed good hydrophilicity and biocompatibility and could continuously release BMP-2 within 27 days: 16.07 ± 0.11 ng of BMP-2 was released from the scaffold. A total of sixteen implants fully filled the defects, and hematoxylin and eosin staining and Goldner’s trichrome staining showed that the simple tendon group (T group) was mostly fibrous tissues, lots of fibroblasts and small amounts of chondrocytes were observed in the polydopamine-coated electrospun fiber group (DP group). The DP plus BMP-2 (DPB) group showed a large number of chondrocytes and partial new bone tissues. Conclusion PELA electrospun fibrous scaffolds are good sustained-release carriers, which can not only induce implant differentiation into cartilage and bone but also are completely degraded without toxicity. Therefore, the material can be used for bone and cartilage regeneration.

BMP-2 Modified Electrospun Scaffold for Acetabular Labral Reconstruction Promotes Collagen Fiber Regeneration in a Porcine Model

“…The electrospun scaffolds were prepared in keeping with a previously described method. 19 First, 0.5 g PELA (Bioruler) was completely dissolved in 1.5 g dichloromethane (Thermo Fisher Scientific) and 0.8 g dichloromethane methylformamide (Thermo Fisher Scientific) solvent. The mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight and transferred to a 1-mL syringe.…”

“…The results confirmed that BMP-2 can be released continuously within 1 month and promote osteogenic differentiation of stem cells. 19 Although the electrospun scaffold has the potential to induce osteogenic differentiation of stem cells, the reconstructed tissue is not fully osteogenic differentiation, and most of the structure of the implant is still unknown.…”

Frontier Electrospun Fibers for Nanomedical Applications

“…Cultured human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) were well attached with minor cytotoxicity, Figure 3a. The study revealed a positive effect on the osteogenesis, the complete acetabular defects repair, Figure 3b, but also an incomplete bone formation which is influenced by the insufficient BMP-2 dose [95]. Several techniques were combined along with electrospinning to fabricate nHA/PLA/gelatin 3D scaffold.…”

Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery System—A Target Strategy for Osteoarthritis Treatment

“…Inducing implant differentiation into cartilage and bone but also completely degraded without toxicity [35] LbL polymer microcapsule MnO 2 Eliminating hydrogen peroxide H 2 O 2 and protecting cells from oxidative stress [36] Exosomes miR-140, miR-9-5p, miR-100-5p, miR-135b, miR-1405p, and lncRNA KLF3-AS1 Reducing inflammation and promoting cartilage marker production [37][38][39][40][41] can transport small RNA molecules to cells and tissues.…”