&lt;p&gt;Knockdown of Long Non-Coding RNA LOC100132707 Inhibits the Migration of Uveal Melanoma Cells via Silencing JAK2&lt;/p&gt;

Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common intraocular malignant tumor and the most frequent melanoma not affecting the skin. While the rate of UM occurrence is relatively low, about 50% of patients develop metastasis, primarily to the liver, with lethal outcome despite medical treatment. Notwithstanding that UM etiopathogenesis is still under investigation, a set of known mutations and chromosomal aberrations are associated with its pathogenesis and have a relevant prognostic value. The most frequently mutated genes are BAP1, EIF1AX, GNA11, GNAQ, and SF3B1, with mutually exclusive mutations occurring in GNAQ and GNA11, and almost mutually exclusive ones in BAP1 and SF3B1, and BAP1 and EIF1AX. Among chromosomal aberrations, monosomy of chromosome 3 is the most frequent, followed by gain of chromosome 8q, and full or partial loss of chromosomes 1 and 6. In addition, epigenetic mechanisms regulated by non-coding RNAs (ncRNA), namely microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs, have also been investigated. Several papers investigating the role of ncRNAs in UM have reported that their dysregulated expression affects cancer-related processes in both in vitro and in vivo models. This review will summarize current findings about genetic mutations, chromosomal aberrations, and ncRNA dysregulation establishing UM biology.

Section: Lncrnas With Prognostic Value In Ummentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetics and RNA Regulation of Uveal Melanoma

Barbagallo

Stella

Broggi

et al. 2023

“…In the last few decades, researchers have focused their attention on the role of lncRNAs in carcinogenesis [ 106 ]. Moreover, lncRNAs were found to be involved in the regulation of a plethora of cancer-related processes in UM [ 107 , 108 , 109 , 110 , 111 , 112 , 113 , 114 ]. Given the important contribution of lncRNAs to cancer progression, their potential application as circulating biomarkers has been investigated.…”

Section: Serum/plasma Circulating Long Rnas In Ummentioning

confidence: 99%

Do Extracellular RNAs Provide Insight into Uveal Melanoma Biology?

Barbagallo

Platania

Drago

et al. 2021

Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary intraocular malignant tumor in adults, showing a high mortality due to metastasis. Although it is considered a rare disease, a growing number of papers have reported altered levels of RNAs (i.e., coding and non-coding RNAs) in cancerous tissues and biological fluids from UM patients. The presence of circulating RNAs, whose dysregulation is associated with UM, paved the way to the possibility of exploiting it for diagnostic and prognostic purposes. However, the biological meaning and the origin of such RNAs in blood and ocular fluids of UM patients remain unexplored. In this review, we report the state of the art of circulating RNAs in UM and debate whether the amount and types of RNAs measured in bodily fluids mirror the RNA alterations from source cancer cells. Based on literature data, extracellular RNAs in UM patients do not represent, with rare exceptions, a snapshot of RNA dysregulations occurring in cancerous tissues, but rather the complex and heterogeneous outcome of a systemic dysfunction, including immune system activity, that modifies the mechanisms of RNA delivery from several cell types.

“…The lncRNA LOC100132707 is overexpressed in metastatic UM, and is correlated with the Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway, which are signal transducers and activators of transcription. The activation of this signaling leads to migration and invasion [72].…”

Section: Oncogenic Lncrnas In Uveal Melanomamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of LncRNAs in Uveal Melanoma

Milán-Rois

Quan

Slack

et al. 2021

Uveal melanoma (UM) is an intraocular cancer tumor with high metastatic risk. It is considered a rare disease, but 90% of affected patients die within 15 years. Non-coding elements (ncRNAs) such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have a crucial role in cellular homeostasis maintenance, taking part in many critical cellular pathways. Their deregulation, therefore, contributes to the induction of cancer and neurodegenerative and metabolic diseases. In cancer, lncRNAs are implicated in apoptosis evasion, proliferation, invasion, drug resistance, and other roles because they affect tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes. For these reasons, lncRNAs are promising targets in personalized medicine and can be used as biomarkers for diseases including UM.