&lt;p&gt;Mepolizumab in the treatment of eosinophilic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease&lt;/p&gt;

Mkorombindo, Takudzwa

doi:10.2147/copd.s162781

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…New treatment research focuses on LABA [244] and LAMA [245], such as vilanterol and umeclidinium, including inhibitors of inflammatory mediators, such as canakinumab [246], infliximab [247], and mepolizumab [248]. Phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors (roflumilast and the M3 receptor antagonist glycopyrrolate) [249] exert anti-inflammatory and bronchodilator effects by inhibiting an enzyme involved in the degradation of second messengers [250].…”

Section: Role Of Medications Of Each Drug In Patients With Copdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms, Pathophysiology and Currently Proposed Treatments of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

et al. 2021

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the leading global causes of morbidity and mortality. A hallmark of COPD is progressive airflow obstruction primarily caused by cigarette smoke (CS). CS exposure causes an imbalance favoring pro- over antioxidants (oxidative stress), leading to transcription factor activation and increased expression of inflammatory mediators and proteases. Different cell types, including macrophages, epithelial cells, neutrophils, and T lymphocytes, contribute to COPD pathophysiology. Alteration in cell functions results in the generation of an oxidative and inflammatory microenvironment, which contributes to disease progression. Current treatments include inhaled corticosteroids and bronchodilator therapy. However, these therapies do not effectively halt disease progression. Due to the complexity of its pathophysiology, and the risk of exacerbating symptoms with existing therapies, other specific and effective treatment options are required. Therapies directly or indirectly targeting the oxidative imbalance may be promising alternatives. This review briefly discusses COPD pathophysiology, and provides an update on the development and clinical testing of novel COPD treatments.

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Section: Role Of Medications Of Each Drug In Patients With Copdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms, Pathophysiology and Currently Proposed Treatments of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

et al. 2021

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“…Moreover, a decrease in sputum and blood eosinophil counts did not lead to significant improvements in lung function parameters or remodelling patterns, thus questioning the importance of eosinophil involvement in the disease [ 90 ]. Regarding the limited proof of efficacy and the cost-effectiveness balance, in 2018, the FDA decided not to approve mepolizumab as an add-on therapy for COPD [ 56 ]. No other anti-IL-5 therapies, such as reslizumab use, have been reported in COPD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…COPD is known to be a highly heterogeneous disease with many different clinical features. Some patients present phenotypes differing to those from the general pathophysiology, for instance eosinophilic airway inflammation (eosinophilic endotype) [ 56 – 58 ]. Hence, some COPD and asthma patients share similar symptoms.…”

Section: Pathophysiology and Molecular Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, both studies reported a well-tolerated mepolizumab treatment with similar incidence of adverse events compared to placebo groups. A dose–response relationship between the increase in eosinophil number and treatment efficacy has already been suggested [ 56 ]. Such hopeful results need to be discussed given that further increases in eosinophil count can lead to loss of asthma control after cessation of mepolizumab treatment [ 95 – 97 ].…”

Section: Pathophysiology and Molecular Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Targeted therapy in eosinophilic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

et al. 2021

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common and preventable airway disease causing significant worldwide mortality and morbidity. Lifetime exposure to tobacco smoking and environmental particles are the two major risk factors. Over the last decades, COPD has become a growing public health problem with an increase in incidence. COPD is defined by airflow limitation due to airway inflammation and small airway remodelling coupled to parenchymal lung destruction. Most patients exhibit neutrophil-predominant airway inflammation combined with an increase in macrophages and CD8+ T-cells. Asthma is a heterogeneous chronic inflammatory airway disease. The most studied subtypes is T2 high eosinophilic asthma, for which there are an increasing number of biologic agents developed. However, both asthma and COPD are complex and share common pathophysiologic mechanisms. They are known as overlapping syndromes as approximately 40% of patients with COPD present an eosinophilic airway inflammation. Several studies suggest a putative role of eosinophilia in lung function decline and COPD exacerbation. Recently, pharmacological agents targeting eosinophilic traits in uncontrolled eosinophilic asthma, especially monoclonal antibodies directed against interleukins (IL5, IL4, IL13) or their receptors, have shown promising results. This review examines data on the rationale for such biological agents and assesses efficacy in T2-endotype COPD patients.

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“…The Global Burden of Disease Study estimated that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) affected 251 million people worldwide and was the third leading cause of death in 2016, causing more than three million deaths (1). The prevalence of COPD in Europe has been estimated to range between 4% and 10%, and between 1994 and 2010, 2, 348 ,184 deaths were attributed to COPD in the European Union (2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between arterial hypertension and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: role of AGT gene polymorphism

2019

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BackgroundChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) continues to cause a heavy health and economic burden in the Europe and around the world. Arterial hypertension (AH) is considered as one of the principal COPD-associated comorbidi-ties. However, no data for association between gene polymorphism and AH in patients with COPD in Ukraine have ever been internationally published. We assessed the genotype and allele frequencies of angiotensinogen (AGT) M235T polymorphisms in patients with COPD and comorbid AH.MethodsThe study group consisted of 96 patients: Group 1 (25 individuals with COPD), Group 2 (23 individuals with AH) and Group 3 (28 individuals with COPD and AH). The control group consisted of 20 healthy subjects. M/T genotypes of AGT were determined by polymerase chain reaction amplification.ResultsThe results of the study have not demonstrated any significant impact of alleles of AGT genes on the occurrence of diseases such as COPD, AH and combinations thereof. However, analysis of odds ratio has demonstrated the presence of a trend towards a protective role of the M allele of the AGT gene concerning occurrence of COPD, AH and their combinations. At the same time, the presence of the T allele of the AGT gene may increase the risk for occurrence of the above-mentioned diseases.ConclusionsThe study that we have conducted suggests that the presence of T allele of the AGT gene at position 235 of the peptide chain both in homozygous and heterozygous states may increase the risk for AH in patients with COPD.

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<p>Mepolizumab in the treatment of eosinophilic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease</p>

Cited by 17 publications

References 58 publications

Mechanisms, Pathophysiology and Currently Proposed Treatments of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Mechanisms, Pathophysiology and Currently Proposed Treatments of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Targeted therapy in eosinophilic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Association between arterial hypertension and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: role of AGT gene polymorphism

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