<p>Nanofibrous vildagliptin-eluting stents enhance re-endothelialization and reduce neointimal formation in diabetes: in vitro and in vivo</p>

Abstract

BackgroundThe high lifetime risk of vascular disease is one of the important issues that plague patients with diabetes mellitus. Systemic oral vildagliptin administration favors endothelial recovery and inhibits smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation. However, the localized release of vildagliptin in the diabetic vessel damage has seldom been investigated.Research design and methodsIn this work, nanofiber-eluting stents that loaded with vildagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 enzyme (DPP-4) inhibitor, was fabricated to treat diabetic vascular disease. To prepare nanofibers, the poly (D,L)-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) and vildagliptin were mixed using hexafluoroisopropanol and electrospinning process. In vitro and in vivo release rates of the vildagliptin were characterized using high-performance liquid chromatography.ResultsEffective vildagliptin concentrations were delivered for more than 28 days from the nanofibrous membranes coating on the surface of the stents in vitro and in vivo. The vildagliptin-eluting PLGA membranes greatly accelerated the recovery of diabetic endothelia and reduced SMC hyperplasia. The type I collagen content of the diabetic vascular intimal area that was treated by vildagliptin-eluting stents was lower than that of the non-vildagliptin-eluting group.ConclusionThe experimental results revealed that stenting with vildagliptin-eluting PLGA membranes could potentially promote healing for diabetic arterial diseases.

Drug-Eluting Stents and Balloons—Materials, Structure Designs, and Coating Techniques: A Review

“…Thus, a patient-specific stent manufacturing system should be designed for more successful stent therapy. In the [ 161 ] study, a 3D-printed PLA biodegradable polymeric stent was prepared using polydopamine (PDA), polyethyleneimine (PEI), and heparin (Hep) chemistry to prevent restenosis and thrombosis with anticoagulation and excellent blood compatibility. The physicochemical characterization indicated that pristine PLA substrates were well-modified, as the abundant amine surface allowed for coating with a large amount of heparin.…”

“…However, the localized release of vildagliptin in diabetic vessel damage has seldom been investigated. In the study [ 161 ], sufficient vildagliptin concentrations were delivered for more than 28 days from the nanofibrous membrane coatings on the surfaces of the stents in vitro and in vivo. It was shown that the vildagliptin-eluting PLGA membranes greatly accelerated the recovery of diabetic endothelial and reduced SMC hyperplasia.…”

“…The poly (D, L)-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) and vildagliptin were mixed using a hexafluoroisopropanol and electrospinning process to prepare the nanofibers. In-vitro and in-vivo release rates of the vildagliptin were characterized using high-performance liquid chromatography [ 161 ]. The experimental results revealed that stenting with vildagliptin-eluting PLGA membranes could potentially promote healing for diabetic arterial diseases.…”

Biodegradable engineered fiber scaffolds fabricated by electrospinning for periodontal tissue regeneration

“…In addition, considering the close relationship between diabetes and periodontal disease, diabetes drugs such as vildagliptin 148 or insulin 62 loaded membranes might be effective in periodontal defects. Similarly, metformin was loaded on electrospun nanofibrous recently and fabricated functional GBR membranes successfully.…”

Surface engineering at the nanoscale: A way forward to improve coronary stent efficacy

“…This stent accelerated the revival of diabetic endothelia and also decreased neointimal hyperplasia and type I collagen content in the vascular intima than that of the non-vildagliptin-eluting group. 207 Poly-L-lactide films cut and rolled into a cable-tie type stent were coated with rapamycin-eluting biodegradable nanofibers, which exhibited excellent mechanical properties and delivered high drug concentrations for over 4 weeks. Moreover, these stents showed a substantial reduction in intimal hyperplasia in denuded rabbit arteries during 6 months follow-up.…”