<p>Nanosilver/poly (DL-lactic-co-glycolic acid) on titanium implant surfaces for the enhancement of antibacterial properties and osteoinductivity</p>

Abstract

Background: Despite titanium (Ti) implants have been commonly used in the medical device field due to their superior biocompatibility, implant-associated bacterial infection remains a major clinical complication. Nanosilver, an effective antibacterial agent against a wide spectrum of bacterial strains, with a low-resistance potential, has attracted much interest too. Incorporation of nanosilver on Ti implants may be a promising approach to prevent biofilm formation. Purpose: The objective of the study was to investigate the antibacterial effects and osteoinductive properties of nanosilver/poly (dl-lactic-co-glycolic acid)-coated titanium (NSPTi). Methods: Gram-positive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and the Gramnegative opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PAO-1) were used to evaluate the antibacterial activity of NSPTi implants through the analysis of bacterial colonization in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we examined the osteoinductive potential of NSPTi implants by investigating the proliferation and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 preosteoblast cells. In vivo, the osteoinductive properties of NSPTi implants were assessed by radiographic evaluation, H&E staining, and Masson's trichrome staining. Results: In vitro, bacterial adhesion to the 2% NSPTi was significantly inhibited and ,1% of adhered bacteria survived after 24 hours. In vitro, the average colony-forming units (CFU)/g ratios in the 2% NSPTi with 10 3 CFU MRSA and PAO-1 were 1.50±0.68 and 1.75±0.6, respectively. In the uncoated Ti groups, the ratios were 1.03±0.82×10 3 and 0.94±0.49×10 3 , respectively. These results demonstrated that NSPTi implants had prominent antibacterial properties. Proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells on the 2% NSPTi sample was 1.51, 1.78, and 2.22 times that on the uncoated Ti control after 3, 5, and 7 days' incubation, respectively. Furthermore, NSPTi implants promoted the maturation and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. In vivo, NSPTi accelerated the formation of new bone while suppressing bacterial survival. Conclusion: NSPTi implants have simultaneous antibacterial and osteoinductive activities and therefore have the potential in clinical applications.

<p>Improved Immunoregulation of Ultra-Low-Dose Silver Nanoparticle-Loaded TiO₂ Nanotubes via M2 Macrophage Polarization by Regulating GLUT1 and Autophagy</p>

“…52 Both Yunzhu Qian et al and Xuemin Zeng et al reported that the silver-modified implants, of which the total concentration of Ag + was below 0.06ppm and 0.12ppm, had the ability to promote cells proliferation and osteogenesis. 12,52 To eliminate the toxic effects of AgNPs on cellular proliferation, we loaded ultra-low-concentration of AgNPs (about 0.2ppm released at the first 24h) on TiO 2 nanotubes as mentioned above ( Figure 1F), which had no significant cytotoxicity by CCK-8 test ( Figure 2C). Besides, we also used the culture medium containing different concentration of AgNPs (0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.20, 0.50 and 2.0ppm) to treat macrophages ( Figure S1C).…”

“…8,9 Besides, Ag@TiO 2 -NTs with a lower initial concentration (0.14ppm) of Ag + ions also achieved an excellent synergistic antibacterial capacity in combination with antibiotics both in vitro and in vivo. 10 Interestingly, it has recently been reported that the AgNPs-loaded biomaterials with continuing releasing extremely low dose Ag + could enhance cell adhesion, 10 spreading, 11 proliferation, 12 reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging, 11 and new bone formation 13 by the unique controlled-release characteristic and topographic feature.…”

Role of implants surface modification in osseointegration: A systematic review

“…On the other hand, the unmodified PEEK is less osteoconductive and bioactive than Ti (Najeeb et al, 2016). A nanosilver/polymer-coated Ti implant was studied by Zeng et al and it exhibited excellent antibacterial and osteoinductive activities (Zeng et al, 2019). A nanosilver/polymer-coated Ti implant was studied by Zeng et al and it exhibited excellent antibacterial and osteoinductive activities (Zeng et al, 2019).…”

“…Therefore, the hybrid materials that best integrate those contributions will be a new trend in optimizing the design of implants. A nanosilver/polymer-coated Ti implant was studied by Zeng et al and it exhibited excellent antibacterial and osteoinductive activities (Zeng et al, 2019).…”

A systematic review on improving the biocompatibility of titanium implants using nanoparticles

“…Majority of the studies (95%) were conducted in vitro and mainly against cultured human osteoblast and fibroblast cell lines (48%) as well as cultured mouse osteoblast cell line (MC3T3-E1) (33%). [35] conducted in vivo analyses to qualify biocompatibility and biocidal aspects using rabbits while [32] performed in vivo antibacterial assay using male rats. A total of 17 (81%) studies examined the antimicrobial ability of NPs along with the biocompatibility evaluations.…”