<p>Natural gypenosides: targeting cancer through different molecular pathways</p>

Abstract

The second foremost cause of mortality around the word is cancer. Conventional therapies, such as radiation, surgery, and chemotherapy have limited accessibility owing to secondary resistance. Therefore, convenient, safe, and nonresistant drugs are urgently needed. Plant-derived natural products have attracted considerable interest owing to their high efficacy, low toxicity, and convenience. Gypenosides (Gyp) inhibit invasion, migration, metastasis, and proliferation and induce apoptosis in different cancers, including oral, lung, colorectal, hepatocellular, and leukemic cancers through different molecular pathways. This review summarizes Gyp studies on cancer to serve as a reference for further research and clinical trials.

Alantolactone induces apoptosis in THP‐1 cells through STAT3, survivin inhibition, and intrinsic apoptosis pathway

“…Cancer is the second foremost cause of mortality in the world (Ahmad, Khan, et al, 2019). Conventional therapies including surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy have limited success due to secondary resistance (Ahmad, Khan, et al, 2019; Su et al, 2018).…”

“…Cancer is the second foremost cause of mortality in the world (Ahmad, Khan, et al, 2019). Conventional therapies including surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy have limited success due to secondary resistance (Ahmad, Khan, et al, 2019; Su et al, 2018). Therefore, safe, non‐resistant, less toxic, and convenient drugs are urgently required (Ahmad, Khan, et al, 2019; Su et al, 2018).…”

“…Conventional therapies including surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy have limited success due to secondary resistance (Ahmad, Khan, et al, 2019; Su et al, 2018). Therefore, safe, non‐resistant, less toxic, and convenient drugs are urgently required (Ahmad, Khan, et al, 2019; Su et al, 2018). NPs are good for cancer treatment due to their low toxicity and high effectivity (Su et al, 2018).…”

“…Cancer is the second foremost cause of mortality in the world (Ahmad, Khan, et al, 2019). Among different cancers, leukemia belongs to the group of life‐threatening malignant disease of the bone marrow and blood (Juliusson & Hough, 2016).…”

SANTAMARINE: Mechanistic studies on multiple diseases

“…Cell cycle controls the cell growth, while its deregulation causes aberrant proliferation of the cells (Williams & Stoeber, ). It has been reported that the natural compounds are highly active (Ahmad et al, ; Pengyu, Ahmad, & Lijuan, ) and reverse proliferation through the arrest of the cell cycle (Bailon‐Moscoso, Cevallos‐Solorzano, Romero‐Benavides, & Orellana, ). Flow cytometry analysis showed that STM induced G2/M phase cell cycle arrest in L1210 cells (Ma et al, ) (Figure and Table ).…”