&lt;title&gt;Nanoparticle-polymer and polymer-polymer blend composite photovoltaics&lt;/title&gt;

Breeze, Alison J.; Schlesinger, Z.; Carter, Sue A.; Hoerhold, Hans-Heinrich; Tillmann, H.; Ginley, David S.; Brock, Phillip J.

doi:10.1117/12.416932

Cited by 27 publications

(42 citation statements)

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“…10 Recently, heterojunctions based on a bilayer of a conjugated polymer and a wide-band-gap semiconductor have also been described. [11][12][13][14][15][16][17] At present, the use of thiophenes in different kinds of photoactive layers is being intensively studied. Bulk heterojunctions of thiophenes and fullerenes have been found to be promising candidates for application in solar energy devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contactless Determination of the Photoconductivity Action Spectrum, Exciton Diffusion Length, and Charge Separation Efficiency in Polythiophene-Sensitized TiO₂ Bilayers

et al. 2003

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The flash-photolysis time-resolved microwave conductivity technique (FP-TRMC) has been used to study photoinduced charge separation in bilayers consisting of a smooth, transparent, 80 nm thick layer of anatase TiO 2 onto which poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) sensitizer layers have been spin-coated. Interfacial charge separation, resulting from excitation of the polymer in the visible, is found to persist well into the millisecond time domain. Photoconductivity action spectra have been measured between 420 and 700 nm for P3HT layer thicknesses, L, from ∼2 to 200 nm. Using this electrodeless technique, the bilayers could be irradiated from either the polymer ("front") or semiconductor ("back") side. On front-side irradiation at 540 nm (close to the absorption maximum of the polymer), the efficiency of charge separation per incident photon (IPCSE) initially increased to a maximum value of 0.8% for L ≈ 10 nm. For thicker layers the IPCSE gradually decreased, eventually to 0.1% for L ≈ 170 nm. On back-side irradiation the IPCSE increased over the first 10 nm to a value close to the maximum found for front-side irradiation, and decreased only slightly for further increase in layer thickness. Analytical expressions for the thickness dependence based on exciton diffusion with a Lambert-Beer excitation profile have been used to fit the experimental data. Best fits were obtained for an exciton diffusion length, Λ () (Dτ) with D the diffusion coefficient and τ the natural lifetime), of 5.3 or 2.6 nm depending on whether excitons were taken to be reflected or quenched at the polymer/gas interface, respectively. The IPCSE decreased at high light intensities; an effect that is attributed to the occurrence of exciton-exciton annihilation within the polymer layer.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contactless Determination of the Photoconductivity Action Spectrum, Exciton Diffusion Length, and Charge Separation Efficiency in Polythiophene-Sensitized TiO₂ Bilayers

et al. 2003

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“…External quantum efficiencies were still low (around 5%-6%). Using the copolymer M3EH-PPV as donor and CN-Ether-PPV as acceptor, Breeze et al [70] demonstrated external quantum efficiencies of 24% (corresponding to 0.6% PCE) in 2000. Even higher efficiencies were achieved by the same authors in 2004 [71].…”

Section: Polymer/polymer Blend Solar Cellsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Organic photovoltaic materials and thin-film solar cells

Wang

Liu

2010

Front. Chem. China

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Organic photovoltaic materials are of interest for their future applications in solar cells. Compared to inorganic or dye-sensitized solar cells, organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells offer a huge potential for low-cost large-area solar cells because of their low material consumption per area and easy processing. In the last few years, there have seen an unprecedented growth of interest in OPVs with power conversion efficiency of over 5% attainable. However, OPV's performance is limited by the narrow light absorption, poor charge carries mobility, and low stability of organic materials, all of which confine its large-scale commercial applications. This review will develop a discussion on the OPV device configuration and operational mechanism after an introduction of the general features of OPV materials. Subsequently, the typical progresses in materials development and performance evolution in recent years will be summarized. The future challenges and prospects faced by organic photovoltaics will be discussed. Finally, the innovative strategy on research of molecular design and device optimization will be suggested with the aim for practical application.

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“…Up to now, the most commonly used approaches to CNT solubilization have involved chemical modification and noncovalent wrapping methods. 31 For the former, the advantage is that the linkage between the functional groups and the surface of the CNTs is permanent and mechanically stable, but the primary desirable properties of CNTs can be altered significantly because the covalent bonds linked to CNTs break the sp 2 conformation of the carbon atom and cause the disruption of their tubular shape. 32,33 Concerning the noncovalent wrapping, CNTs are often wrapped by surfactants, oligomers, biomolecules, and polymers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, because of strong intrinsic van der Waals forces, CNTs tend to hold together as bundles and they have very low solubility in solvents, leading to poor dispersion when mixed into the polymer matrix. Up to now, the most commonly used approaches to CNT solubilization have involved chemical modification and noncovalent wrapping methods . For the former, the advantage is that the linkage between the functional groups and the surface of the CNTs is permanent and mechanically stable, but the primary desirable properties of CNTs can be altered significantly because the covalent bonds linked to CNTs break the sp 2 conformation of the carbon atom and cause the disruption of their tubular shape. , Concerning the noncovalent wrapping, CNTs are often wrapped by surfactants, oligomers, biomolecules, and polymers. − Although the excellent properties of CNTs can remain, the interaction between the wrapping molecules and CNTs is rather weak .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conjugated Polymer Poly(2-methoxy-5-(3′,7′- dimethyloctyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene) Modification on Carbon Nanotubes with Assistance of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide: Chemical Interaction, Solubility, and Light Emission

Guan

Ning

et al. 2010

J. Phys. Chem. C

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In this study, we report a facile and efficient method using supercritical (SC) CO2 to help a p-type conducting polymer, conjugated polymer MDMO-PPV wrapping on carbon nanotubes (CNTs). One-dimensional CNTs were periodically decorated with the congeries of MDMO-PPV molecular chains forming functional nanohybrid structures. The solubility and light emission of the hybrid MDMO-PPV/CNTs can be controlled by varying SC CO2 pressure. Using FT-IR, we can observe there exists chemical interaction between MDMO-PPV and CNTs, and the interaction not only bestowed CNTs desired solubility but also added functionality of light emission to CNTs. The fluorescence spectroscopy of the MDMO-PPV/CNTs shows their light emission is strongly depend on solvent. For DMSO as the solvent, the higher SC CO2 pressure ensures the excellent dispersion and solubility of MDMO-PPV/CNTs, and accordingly causes the light quenching of the hybrid. For DMAc as the solvent, the enhanced emission light can be observed from the MDMO-PPV/CNTs, especially at higher SC CO2 pressure. We anticipate this work opens a gateway for making use of SC CO2 to help functionalize CNTs with conjugated polymer for use in polymer solar cells, light-emitting diodes, and others.

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<title>Nanoparticle-polymer and polymer-polymer blend composite photovoltaics</title>

Cited by 27 publications

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Contactless Determination of the Photoconductivity Action Spectrum, Exciton Diffusion Length, and Charge Separation Efficiency in Polythiophene-Sensitized TiO₂ Bilayers

Contactless Determination of the Photoconductivity Action Spectrum, Exciton Diffusion Length, and Charge Separation Efficiency in Polythiophene-Sensitized TiO₂ Bilayers

Organic photovoltaic materials and thin-film solar cells

Conjugated Polymer Poly(2-methoxy-5-(3′,7′- dimethyloctyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene) Modification on Carbon Nanotubes with Assistance of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide: Chemical Interaction, Solubility, and Light Emission

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<title>Nanoparticle-polymer and polymer-polymer blend composite photovoltaics</title>

Cited by 27 publications

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Contactless Determination of the Photoconductivity Action Spectrum, Exciton Diffusion Length, and Charge Separation Efficiency in Polythiophene-Sensitized TiO2 Bilayers

Contactless Determination of the Photoconductivity Action Spectrum, Exciton Diffusion Length, and Charge Separation Efficiency in Polythiophene-Sensitized TiO2 Bilayers

Organic photovoltaic materials and thin-film solar cells

Conjugated Polymer Poly(2-methoxy-5-(3′,7′- dimethyloctyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene) Modification on Carbon Nanotubes with Assistance of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide: Chemical Interaction, Solubility, and Light Emission

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Contactless Determination of the Photoconductivity Action Spectrum, Exciton Diffusion Length, and Charge Separation Efficiency in Polythiophene-Sensitized TiO₂ Bilayers

Contactless Determination of the Photoconductivity Action Spectrum, Exciton Diffusion Length, and Charge Separation Efficiency in Polythiophene-Sensitized TiO₂ Bilayers