&lt;title&gt;Photodynamic therapy of malignancies with benzoporphyrin derivative monoacid ring A&lt;/title&gt;

Levy, Julia G.; Waterfield, Elizabeth; Richter, Anna; Smits, C.B.; Lui, Harvey; Hruza, Luciann L.; Anderson, R. R.; Salvatori, Vincent

doi:10.1117/12.168659

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…All the photosensitizers that so far have given positive results in the PDT of melanotic melanoma are characterized by the presence of intense absorption bands at wavelengths longer than 700 nm. It is possible that an initial photoinduced damage of superficial tissue layers is efficiently propagated throughout the tumour mass, which would be in agreement with the observation that BPD-MA predominantly acts by impairing the vascular system (Levy et al, 1994).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

High efficiency of benzoporphyrin derivative in the photodynamic therapy of pigmented malignant melanoma

et al. 1999

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Summary Benzoporphyrin derivative monoacid ring A (verteporfin, BPD-MA) when intravenously injected (5.5 µmol kg -1 ) to C57/BL6 mice bearing a subcutaneously transplanted B1 melanoma gave a maximal accumulation in the tumour within 1-3 h with recoveries of 1.84-1.96 µmol kg -1 . Irradiation of BPD-MA-loaded melanoma with 690-nm light from a dye laser at 3 h and 9 h post injection induced tumour necrosis and delay of tumour growth of 28 and 14 days respectively. The response of the tumour to BPD-MA photosensitization was enhanced by pretreatment with 1064-nm light from a pulse-operated Nd:YAG laser, which caused a selective breakdown of melanosomes.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

High efficiency of benzoporphyrin derivative in the photodynamic therapy of pigmented malignant melanoma

et al. 1999

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“…In summary, the pO 2 data indicate that some highly oxygenated regions may not result in rapid occlusion of the type observed by Fingar et al (6); however, their and other studies by Levy et al (32) confirm that delayed onset of vascular occlusion can occur with verteporfin-based PDT. Independent of whether the effect is permanent or temporary, the observation of microregional dependence exists and indicates that the response to treatment is not homogeneous for all sites.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…Verteporfin-based photodynamic therapy is currently being used for clinical treatment of the wet form of age-related macular degeneration. Also the potential use for dysplastic and tumor tissues is well documented in clinical (30) and preclinical studies (31)(32)(33)(34)(35). Although this photosensitizer elicits both direct cellular damage (36) as well as vascular occlusion, its main clinical use has been through the latter effect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Heterogeneity of pO2 Dynamics During Photodynamic Therapy with Verteporfin¶

Pogue

Braun

Lanzen

et al. 2001

Photochem Photobiol

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Photodynamic therapy (PDT) with verteporfin provides a reliable way to destroy malignant tissues. Changes in the blood flow and oxygen partial pressure (pO2) during verteporfin-PDT were studied here in the tumor tissue of the rat mammary R3230Ac carcinoma model. Oxygen microelectrodes (6-12 microns tip diameter) were used to measure the transients locally within tumors during intravenous injection of 1.0 mg/kg verteporfin followed by irradiation 15 min later with 690 nm light at 200 mW/cm2, for a cumulative dose of 144 J/cm2. The observed changes in pO2 were heterogeneous and there was a difference in the response of low-pO2 regions relative to higher-pO2 regions. The change in pO2 in hypoxic tissue regions (pO2 < 8 mmHg) had acute pO2 loss after treatment, whereas the response in regions of higher pO2 (> 8 mm Hg) was more heterogeneous with some areas maintaining their pO2 value after treatment was completed. Blood flow measurements taken on a subset of the animals indicated a significant loss in flow during the initial light delivery that remained low after treatment, indicating some vascular stasis. The results suggest that hypoxic or poorly perfused vessels may be more susceptible to acute stasis than normoxic vessels in this treatment protocol.

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“…With current protocols, PDT in which ALA or HpD/Photofrin is used does not seem to be superior to conventional treatments for skin tumors, but some individual clinical PDT trials have achieved comparable or favorable results with outstanding cosmetics, particularly in cases of large and multiple lesions. In addition, successful results with PDT of skin tumors have recently been obtained using second‐generation photosensitizers, such as benzoporphyrin derivative monoacid ring A (BPD‐MA),160, 161 tin‐ethyl etiopurpurin (SnET2),162 and mono‐l‐aspartyl chlorin e6 (NPe6) 163, 164. These second‐generation dyes have a larger absorption peak (approximately 660‐690 nm) than PpIX/HpD/Photofrin and much less risk of prolonged cutaneous photosensitivity.…”

Section: Comparison Of Ala‐pdt With Hpd/photofrin‐pdt and With Convenmentioning

confidence: 99%

5-Aminolevulinic acid-based photodynamic therapy

Peng

Warloe

Berg

et al. 1997

Cancer

926

534

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BACKGROUND Photodynamic therapy (PDT) for cancer patients has developed into an important new clinical treatment modality in the past 25 years. PDT involves administration of a tumor‐localizing photosensitizer or photosensitizer prodrug (5‐aminolevulinic acid [ALA], a precursor in the heme biosynthetic pathway) and the subsequent activation of the photosensitizer by light. Although several photosensitizers other than ALA‐derived protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) have been used in clinical PDT, ALA‐based PDT has been the most active area of clinical PDT research during the past 5 years. Studies have shown that a higher accumulation of ALA‐derived PpIX in rapidly proliferating cells may provide a biologic rationale for clinical use of ALA‐based PDT and diagnosis. However, no review updating the clinical data has appeared so far. METHODS A review of recently published data on clinical ALA‐based PDT and diagnosis was conducted. RESULTS Several individual studies in which patients with primary nonmelanoma cutaneous tumors received topical ALA‐based PDT have reported promising results, including outstanding cosmetic results. However, the modality with present protocols does not, in general, appear to be superior to conventional therapies with respect to initial complete response rates and long term recurrence rates, particularly in the treatment of nodular skin tumors. Topical ALA‐PDT does have the following advantages over conventional treatments: it is noninvasive; it produces excellent cosmetic results; it is well tolerated by patients; it can be used to treat multiple superficial lesions in short treatment sessions; it can be applied to patients who refuse surgery or have pacemakers and bleeding tendency; it can be used to treat lesions in specific locations, such as the oral mucosa or the genital area; it can be used as a palliative treatment; and it can be applied repeatedly without cumulative toxicity. Topical ALA‐PDT also has potential as a treatment for nonneoplastic skin diseases. Systemic administration of ALA does not seem to be severely toxic, but the advantage of using this approach for PDT of superficial lesions of internal hollow organs is still uncertain. The ALA‐derived porphyrin fluorescence technique would be useful in the diagnosis of superficial lesions of internal hollow organs. CONCLUSIONS Promising results of ALA‐based clinical PDT and diagnosis have been obtained. The modality has advantages over conventional treatments. However, some improvements need to be made, such as optimization of parameters of ALA‐based PDT and diagnosis; increased tumor selectivity of ALA‐derived PpIX; better understanding of light distribution in tissue; improvement of light dosimetry procedure; and development of simpler, cheaper, and more efficient light delivery systems. Cancer 1997; 79:2282‐308. © 1997 American Cancer Society.

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<title>Photodynamic therapy of malignancies with benzoporphyrin derivative monoacid ring A</title>

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

High efficiency of benzoporphyrin derivative in the photodynamic therapy of pigmented malignant melanoma

High efficiency of benzoporphyrin derivative in the photodynamic therapy of pigmented malignant melanoma

Analysis of the Heterogeneity of pO2 Dynamics During Photodynamic Therapy with Verteporfin¶

5-Aminolevulinic acid-based photodynamic therapy

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