<title>UV-fluorescence spectroscopic technique in the diagnosis of breast, ovarian, uterus, and cervix cancer</title>

Hybrid phosphorescence and fluorescence native spectroscopy for breast cancer detection

“…Prior investigations have demonstrated that there are several ratio-based algorithms that can distinguish malignant tissue from normal with high sensitivity and specificity. [3][4][5] The wavelength combinations used in those ratios isolated the contributions from different pairs of tissue fluorophores, one of which was trp. The ratio of 340-to 440-nm emission ͑with 300-nm excitation͒ has been shown to be a useful ratio to identify malignant tissues from many different organ sites.…”

“…The ratio of 340-to 440-nm emission ͑with 300-nm excitation͒ has been shown to be a useful ratio to identify malignant tissues from many different organ sites. 4,6 However, when the I 340 / I 440 ratio was applied to ex vivo human breast tissue, the presence of adipose tissue required that multiple wavelength ratio pairs be evaluated to successfully distinguish adipose tissue from malignant tissue by fluorescence. 7 Identification of additional spectroscopic fingerprints to distinguish adipose and normal glandular tissues from malignant breast tissue can significantly enhance optical biopsy of breast tissues and improve the efficacy of either fine needle aspiration or micro-endoscopic ductal examination.…”

Innate cellular fluorescence reflects alterations in cellular proliferation

“…Its relevance to clinical oncology may be manyfold including use as an intermediate endpoint biomarker in cancer chemoprevention trials [1]. Starting in 1984 in animals [2] and in 1987 in human tissue [3], different organ systems have been investigated both in vivo and in vitro using this technology including the lung [4], colon [5][6][7][8], skin [9], heart [10], breast [11], ovary [12], and cervix [13]. The fluorescence patterns of single cells have also been studied [14].…”

Time-resolved fluorescence and photon migration studies in biomedical and model random media

“…There are several key parameters that are extracted from fluorescence emission to define a material. These are: the spectral profiles, the position of maximum emission (λ max ), bandwidth, the quantum yield ( ) (the fraction of molecules that get de-excited through emission of radiation), rise time, peak intensity and position in time, and more importantly, the fluorescence relaxation time (τ f ) [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. These parameters are very sensitive to environmental changes and can be affected in a variety of ways.…”