Lupus nephritis: A simplified approach to diagnosis and treatment in South Africa

Study on the Role of Vitamin D in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

“…There are many studies on vitamin D intervention SLE at home and abroad, the differences of disease activity, inflammatory factors, autoantibodies and prognosis before and after vitamin D supplementation in SLE patients were compared. Research on vitamin D3 in SLE children with low vitamin D 2000U, 1 daily and 600 mg, calcium Two interventions per day, We found kidney damage three months later, SLEDAI scores and autoimmunity markers were improved [22] .The findings are consistent with the findings of another cross-sectional study of young people and adults [44][45] .Studies have shown that the combination of different doses of vitamin D in SLE patients can reduce the level of urine protein, the expression of interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor α, anti-dsDNA antibody in serum, and reduce the disease activity of patients [11,17] .Lima and other [46] conducted a 24-week randomized, double-blind, controlled trial of SLE patients with juvenile onset. the results showed that after the patients were treated with active vitamin D, the disease activity and fatigue score decreased compared with before treatment, and the symptoms of fatigue and fatigue were also improved.…”

“…③ Vitamin D activates and upregulates 24-hydroxylase to induce self-degradation, SLE activated B cells in patients upregulate the enzyme, the increase D vitamin degradation leads to its lack of [10] . ④ SLE VDR gene polymorphism, anti-antibody production, kidney damage, smoking, braking and other factors can also affect vitamin D levels and effects [11] .…”

“…Studies have shown a close relationship between low vitamin D levels and SLE disease activity [9,11,17] . Among them, Squance and other [18] found that patients with reduced or deficient vitamin D were more likely to express high titer anti-nuclear antibodies and anti-binary DNA antibodies, the results suggest that vitamin D may be associated with the pathogenesis of SLE.…”

Effectiveness of Bailing capsules in the treatment of lupus nephritis: A meta‑analysis

“…The main treatment regimen for lupus nephritis are immunosuppressants, such as corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide (6,7); however, the use of immunosuppressants increases the risk of infections in patients (8). in view of the limitations of immunosuppressants, the use of Bailing capsules, which are prepared from the dry powder of Ophiocordyceps sinensis mycelium, has been explored previously in lupus nephritis therapy (9).…”

Comparing the Efficacy and Safety of Induction Therapies for the Treatment of Patients with Proliferative Lupus Nephritis in South Africa

“…One large study from South Africa reported that presence of LN was the only factor associated with mortality in 226 SLE patients, with a 5-year survival rate of 60% [ 2 ]. The goal of the management of LN is to achieve the best possible clinical outcome with complete disease remission and minimal toxicities using appropriate immunotherapies which can be associated with adverse effects, especially life-threatening infections [ 5 ]. Although the use of immunotherapies continue to improve the prognosis of SLE patients, a significant proportion still progresses to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) within a decade of diagnosis of LN [ 6 , 7 ].…”