Macronutrient Digestion and Absorption in the Preterm Infant

Rogido, M.; Griffin, Ian J.

doi:10.1542/neo.20-1-e25

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…Food allergy was not common in children with asthma/ALS due to the facts that food allergens did not affect the respiratory tract system directly. We also found that the positive rate of food allergens was higher in the infantile period than that in other periods, which may be due to that the digestive enzymes were not mature and the infants needs to adapt to various food patterns in this period [13]. On the other hand, the most common aeroallergens were DF and HDM, which was consistent with the epidemiological findings that mites were the most common allergens in China [14].…”

Section: Discusssionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Prevalence and distribution patterns of allergens among children with asthma and asthma-like symptoms in Shanghai, China

Mao

Shi

2020

Respir Res

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Objective: We aimed to identify the prevalence and distribution patterns of allergens among Chinese children with asthma/asthma-like symptoms (ALS). Methods: A total of 3479 children with asthma/ALS were enrolled. Skin prick test (SPT) was used to test the allergen-specific IgE. We analysed allergens prevalence and distribution, and its relationship with demographic characteristics. Results: Aeroallergens prevalence was higher than that of food allergens (p < 10 − 4 ). Boys had higher aeroallergens prevalence than that in girls (p < 10 − 4 ). Significant difference of aeroallergens prevalence among cases with different parental allergy history was observed (p < 10 − 4 ). Age was positively associated with aeroallergens prevalence before the age of 11.5 (P < 10 − 4 ), particularly before the age of 2.42 (P < 10 − 4 ). Age was negatively associated with aeroallergens prevalence after the age of 11.5 (P = 0.021). Age was negatively associated with food allergens prevalence before the age of 3.42 (P < 10 − 4 ). Age was associated with the intensity of dermatophagoides farinae (DF)/house dust mite (HDM) allergens (P < 10 − 4 ). Age was negatively associated with the intensity of shrimp, and crab allergens before the age of 3.3 and 3.3, respectively (P = 0.012, < 10 − 4 ). Boys had higher intensity of DF and HDM allergens than that in girls (P < 10 − 4 , P < 10 − 4 ). Significant differences of the intensity of DF and HDM allergens among groups with different parental allergy history were noted (P < 10 − 4 , P < 10 − 4 ). Conclusions:Boys and parental allergy history were associated with higher prevalence and intenstity of aeroallergens. Age was positively and negatively associated with aeroallergens prevalence before and after the age of 11.5, respectively. Age was negatively associated with food allergens prevalence before the age of 3.42.

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Section: Discusssionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Prevalence and distribution patterns of allergens among children with asthma and asthma-like symptoms in Shanghai, China

Mao

Shi

2020

Respir Res

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“…Favorecer un adecuado crecimiento en los niños con BPN: nutrición óptima 1.1 Definición de nutrición óptima La nutrición óptima para el neonato se ha definido como aquella que da lugar a un crecimiento y un desarrollo adecuados, sin exceder sus capacidades metabólicas y excretoras. El Comité de Nutrición de la Academia Americana de Pediatría (AAP) recomienda que el objetivo de la nutrición debe ser lograr un crecimiento posnatal adecuado a la edad gestacional, definido no solo por los parámetros antropométricos, sino también por la variación de la composición corporal y la retención de los diferentes nutrientes [24].…”

Section: Orientación Y Educación a Padres Y Cuidadores Con Niños Con ...unclassified

“…Actualmente no existen recomendaciones basadas en la evidencia para preservar la salud renal de los niños con BPN a largo plazo. Las siguientes recomendaciones se hacen según la revisión de recomendaciones que han hecho grupos de expertos en el mundo para el seguimiento de los niños con BPN [4,16,19,24,73,89,90,120,121].…”

Section: Componentes De La Estrategiaunclassified

Consenso colombiano de prevención de enfermedad renal crónica en los niños con bajo peso al nacer

Aguilera¹,

Baena²,

Rodriguez³

et al. 2023

Rev. Colomb. Nefrol.

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Contexto: el bajo peso al nacer (BPN) es un factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de enfermedad renal crónica (ERC), aumentando su probabilidad de ocurrencia en la vida adulta hasta en 70% y duplicando el riesgo de ERC en edad pediátrica. Objetivo: generar recomendaciones para la prevención de ERC en niños con BPN, con lo que se busca optimizar las estrategias de nefroprevención y seguimiento en dicha población. Metodología: se realizó un consenso de expertos mediante el método Delphi modificado a partir de una búsqueda en los tópicos de interés en las fuentes de datos PubMed, Embase y Google Scholar, donde no hubo restricciones en la búsqueda por año, tipo de estudio o idioma. Resultados: se formularon recomendaciones estructuradas en cinco estrategias: 1. reconocer los niños con BPN como población en riesgo de ERC; 2. favorecer un adecuado crecimiento en los niños con BPN a través de una nutrición óptima; 3. realizar un diagnóstico oportuno de lesión renal aguda (LRA) en los niños con BPN y estrategias de prevención y protección renal; 4. evaluación de la función renal en el periodo posnatal inmediato y 5. evaluación de la función renal durante los primeros dos años de vida y su seguimiento posterior. Conclusiones: las recomendaciones propuestas permitirán definir oportunamente el riesgo de ERC en pacientes con bajo peso al nacimiento, facilitando la intervención temprana con medidas de nefroprevención y seguimiento de esta enfermedad.

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“…While enteral feeds arguably begin by 20 weeks of gestation with fetal swallowing [73], the digestive tract of infants only reaches functional maturity between three and six months of age [74]. In the weeks following birth, infants must transition from a metabolism heavily predicated on placental transfer of maternal glucose to one more inclusive of dietary lipids, ideally sourced from maternal HM [75]. Low pancreatic enzyme and bile salt concentrations during the neonatal period can present nutritional challenges [76], especially if the infant requires formula feeding, but HM provides essential digestive enzymes the infant lacks in order to increase lipid absorption in the developing neonate.…”

Section: Digestion Of Milk Fat Globules In Term and Preterm Infantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the stomach, pepsin and gastric lipase begin digestion of the MFG. Pepsin, due to an optimal working pH of 2, is both less active and abundant in preterm infants than in term infants or adults [75]. However, a longer period of gastric digestion provided by immature gastrointestinal motility, potentially in combination with additional undescribed proteases active in the preterm stomach [81], appears to compensate for this lower proteolytic capability [82].…”

Section: Digestion Of Milk Fat Globules In Term and Preterm Infantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid Composition, Digestion, and Absorption Differences among Neonatal Feeding Strategies: Potential Implications for Intestinal Inflammation in Preterm Infants

et al. 2021

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Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in the neonatal population. Formula feeding is among the many risk factors for developing the condition, a practice often required in the cohort most often afflicted with NEC, preterm infants. While the virtues of many bioactive components of breast milk have been extolled, the ability to digest and assimilate the nutritional components of breast milk is often overlooked. The structure of formula differs from that of breast milk, both in lipid composition and chemical configuration. In addition, formula lacks a critical digestive enzyme produced by the mammary gland, bile salt-stimulated lipase (BSSL). The gastrointestinal system of premature infants is often incapable of secreting sufficient pancreatic enzymes for fat digestion, and pasteurization of donor milk (DM) has been shown to inactivate BSSL, among other important compounds. Incompletely digested lipids may oxidize and accumulate in the distal gut. These lipid fragments are thought to induce intestinal inflammation in the neonate, potentially hastening the development of diseases such as NEC. In this review, differences in breast milk, pasteurized DM, and formula lipids are highlighted, with a focus on the ability of those lipids to be digested and subsequently absorbed by neonates, especially those born prematurely and at risk for NEC.

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Macronutrient Digestion and Absorption in the Preterm Infant

Cited by 5 publications

References 88 publications

Prevalence and distribution patterns of allergens among children with asthma and asthma-like symptoms in Shanghai, China

Prevalence and distribution patterns of allergens among children with asthma and asthma-like symptoms in Shanghai, China

Consenso colombiano de prevención de enfermedad renal crónica en los niños con bajo peso al nacer

Lipid Composition, Digestion, and Absorption Differences among Neonatal Feeding Strategies: Potential Implications for Intestinal Inflammation in Preterm Infants

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