Mad men, women and steroid cocktails: a review of the impact of sex and other factors on anabolic androgenic steroids effects on affective behaviors

Onakomaiya, Marie M.; Henderson, Leslie

doi:10.1007/s00213-015-4193-6

Cited by 41 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 301 publications

(344 reference statements)

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“…Due to the increase in the number of AAS users and by the effects on mental and physical health [16,17,18], there is an increasing need for studying these substances. The present work aimed to bring more knowledge regarding the effect of two widely used anabolic-androgenic steroids in six different areas of the brain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Use of Anabolic Steroids and the Effects on the Neuronal Density of the Cerebral Cortex and Hippocampus in Mice

Silva¹

2018

AJSS

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This study analyzed the effects of the chronic use of these drugs on the neuronal density of mice cerebral cortex and hippocampus. Materials and methods: 40 male Swiss mice were used, divided into 4 groups (n=10): GI-Control (0,02ml/Kg/week of saline solution), GII-treated with anabolic steroid Durateston® (83,3mg/Kg/week) GIII-treated with anabolic steroid Deca Durabolin® (16,6mg/Kg/week) e GIV-treated with the two anabolic steroids, concomitantly. The mice were treated for sixty days (60) and practiced swimming three times a week. The brain fragments were processed following the standardized sequence in conventional histological procedures and stained using cresyl violet. For the neuronal density analysis, the simple random count methodology was used. Results: Data revealed a significant reduction in the neuronal density of the groups treated with anabolic steroids, the limbic area had an estimated decrease of 16.44% in group III and 29.21% in group IV; the motor area the groups II, III, and IV presented a reduction of 17.63%, 15.35%, and 12.23%, and in the sensory area 15.22%, 16.41% and 21.59%, respectively; the groups II, III, and IV of the Ca1 area of the hippocampus showed a neuronal loss of 23.5%, 27.8%, and 36.36%, while groups II, III and IV of the Ca2 area there was a reduction of 10.37%, 11.83%, and 16.34%. In conclusion, the chronic use of AAS can be harmful to the nervous system since the neuronal reduction can bring structural and functional damages with possible consequences the whole organism.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Use of Anabolic Steroids and the Effects on the Neuronal Density of the Cerebral Cortex and Hippocampus in Mice

Silva¹

2018

AJSS

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“… 9 Masculinizing hormones have been associated with a possible destabilization of psychotic and bipolar disorders, especially with supraphysiological blood levels of testosterone 7 in both cisgender and transgender men. 105–106 The likelihood of such episodes can, therefore, be minimized by careful dosing and monitoring.…”

Section: Mental Health Assessment and Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender Dysphoria in Adults: An Overview and Primer for Psychiatrists

et al. 2018

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Regardless of their area of specialization, adult psychiatrists are likely to encounter gender-variant patients; however, medical school curricula and psychiatric residency training programs devote little attention to their care. This article aims to assist adult psychiatrists who are not gender specialists in the delivery of respectful, clinically competent, and culturally attuned care to gender-variant patients, including those who identify as transgender or transsexual or meet criteria for the diagnosis of Gender Dysphoria (GD) as defined by The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th edition). The article will also be helpful for other mental health professionals. The following areas are addressed: evolution of diagnostic nosology, epidemiology, gender development, and mental health assessment, differential diagnosis, treatment, and referral for gender-affirming somatic treatments of adults with GD.

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“…AAS use can suppress pituitary LH and FSH secretion, leading to menstrual irregularities and even infertility. Also, in some studies, female athletes reported increased aggressiveness with the use of steroids (70). Dyslipidemia, hypertension, arrhythmia, coagulation disorders, fibrosis, and cardiac hypertrophy have been observed (71,72).…”

Section: Testosterone Misuse and Abusementioning

confidence: 99%

Testosterone therapy for women with low sexual desire: a position statement from the Brazilian Society of Endocrinology and Metabolism

Weiss¹,

Hohl²,

Athayde³

et al. 2019

Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism

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Objective: To summarize current evidence regarding testosterone treatment for women with low sexual desire. Materials and methods: The Female Endocrinology and Andrology Department of the Brazilian Society of Endocrinology and Metabolism invited nine experts to review the physiology of testosterone secretion and the use, misuse, and side effects of exogenous testosterone therapy in women, based on the available literature and guidelines and statements from international societies. Results: Low sexual desire is a common complaint in clinical practice, especially in postmenopausal women, and may negatively interfere with quality of life. Testosterone seems to exert a positive effect on sexual desire in women with sexual dysfunction, despite a small magnitude of effect, a lack of long-term safety data, and insufficient evidence to make a broad recommendation for testosterone therapy. Furthermore, there are currently no testosterone formulations approved for women by the relevant regulatory agencies in the United States, Brazil, and most other countries, and testosterone formulations approved for men are not recommended for use by women. Conclusion: Therefore, testosterone therapy might be considered if other strategies fail, but the risks and benefits must be discussed with the patient before prescription. A prospective longitudinal study of serum testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, and sex hormone-binding globulin levels through the menopause transition. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2000;85(8):2832-8.

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Mad men, women and steroid cocktails: a review of the impact of sex and other factors on anabolic androgenic steroids effects on affective behaviors

Cited by 41 publications

References 301 publications

Chronic Use of Anabolic Steroids and the Effects on the Neuronal Density of the Cerebral Cortex and Hippocampus in Mice

Chronic Use of Anabolic Steroids and the Effects on the Neuronal Density of the Cerebral Cortex and Hippocampus in Mice

Gender Dysphoria in Adults: An Overview and Primer for Psychiatrists

Testosterone therapy for women with low sexual desire: a position statement from the Brazilian Society of Endocrinology and Metabolism

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