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Arima, T.; Goto, T.; Yamasaki, Y.; Miyasaka, S.; Ishii, Kenji; Tsubota, Masami; Inami, Toshiya; Murakami, Youichi; Tokura, Y.

doi:10.1103/physrevb.72.100102

Cited by 134 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…7,8 Unlike YMnO 3 and HoMnO 3 which have a collinear magnetic structure, in TMO the magnetic interactions between the noncolinear spins breaks the spatial inversion symmetry and induces an electrical polarization. [9][10][11][12] Furthermore, TMO exhibits distinct magnetic phases in various temperature regimes: the collinear spin order of Mn ions sets in at a Neel temperature T N of 41 K; the ferroelectric phase emerges in the bc-spiral spin state below 28 K, and concurrently the magnetic and the polarization vectors orientate along the b and the c axis, respectively; finally, a phase transition at about 7 K appears as a result of the magnetic ordering of the Tb sublattice. 4 As the first step towards the oxide electronics, a wide range of transition metal oxides are exploited in various device concepts, such as Schottky-like junctions, [13][14][15][16] field-effect transistors, 17,18 a Email: tomwu@ntu.edu.sg; rmwang@buaa.edu.cn 2158-3226/2011/1(4)/042129/11 C Author(s) 2011 1, 042129-1 and p-n junctions, [19][20][21][22][23] which are the building blocks in conventional semiconductor electronics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interface-dependent rectifying TbMnO3-based heterojunctions

et al. 2011

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We report the fabrication and characterizations of oxide heterojunctions composed of TbMnO3 thin films grown on conducting Nb:SrTiO3 substrates. The heterojunctions exhibit rich rectifying characteristics, depending on not only the measurement temperature but also the growth temperature: at 300 K, good rectification appears in both samples; at lower temperatures, the rectification is much smaller in the sample grown at 700 °C, whereas it exhibits a reversed bias dependence and reaches ∼5000 in the sample grown at 780 °C. Regarding to the transport mechanism, the conduction appears to be Schottky-emission-like at high temperatures in both junctions, indicating well-defined band alignment at interface; on the other hand, the space-charge-limited mechanism dictates the low temperature transport. Furthermore, the temperature and frequency dependent capacitance-loss data suggest that the transport dynamics is associated with multiple thermally activated relaxation processes. Finally, transmission electron microscopy studies shed light on the crystalline quality of the junction interfaces, which is believed to dictate the corresponding transport properties

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interface-dependent rectifying TbMnO3-based heterojunctions

et al. 2011

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“…Furthermore, the field dependence of the Mn-spin spiral is difficult to analyse as single-ion anisotropy terms of Mn and R need to be taken into consideration as well as the R-Mn interaction. The fact that in this P a phase Mnspins order commensurately with τ = 1 4 b * [15,16] render the cycloidal flop model even more complex. For such a commensurate spin structure it has been proposed that spin frustration and super-exchange induce lattice distortions that break inversion symmetry thereby generating the observed direction of the polarization at high field [13,14,15].…”

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confidence: 99%

Flop of Electric Polarization Driven by the Flop of the Mn Spin Cycloid in MultiferroicTbMnO3

Aliouane

Schmalzl²,

Senff

et al. 2009

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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Using in-field single crystal neutron diffraction we have determined the magnetic structure of TbMnO3 in the high field P a phase. We unambiguously establish that the ferroelectric polarization arises from a cycloidal Mn spins ordering, with spins rotating in the ab plane. Our results demonstrate directly that the flop of the ferroelectric polarization in TbMnO3 with applied magnetic field is caused from the flop of the Mn cycloidal plane.PACS numbers: 61.12. Ld, 75.30.Kz, 75.47.Lx, 75.80.+q The antisymmetric Dzyaloshinski-Moriya (DM) interaction[1, 2] between two spins, S i , S i+1 separated by r i,i+1 , provides for a natural coupling between magnetism and ferroelectricity with the spontaneous ferroelectric polarization given by P s ∼ r i,i+1 × (S i × S i+1 ) [3,4,5]. This mechanism generates ferroelectricity in a wide variety of magnets such as RMnO 3 perovskites with R=Gd, Dy, and Tb, [6,7] [10,11]. In the RMnO 3 manganites the DM interaction results in cycloidal order of Mn-spins giving a spontaneous ferroelectric polarization along the c-axis (P c) ( Fig. 1(a)). The application of magnetic field results in the flop of the polarization from the c-to the a-axis and highlights a novel control of one ferroic property by an other [6]. It has been assumed that this change in the direction of the polarization reflects the flop of the Mn spin cycloid, implying that the antisymmetric DM interaction continues to be responsible for the polarization ( Fig. 1(b)) [3,12]. However, in this high field P a-phase, the commensurate magnetic wave vector for Mn is also compatible with other magneto-electric mechanisms such as exchange striction [13,14,15]. In this letter we present a determination of the magnetic structure of TbMnO 3 in a high magnetic field in the commensurate P a phase. We find that the magnetic structure of Mn-spins is characterized by an ab-cycloid that accurately describes the direction of the observed ferroelectric polarization via the DM interaction. Our finding validates the model that the polarization flops found in the perovskite manganites result from the flop of the Mn-spin cycloid.The manganite TbMnO 3 crystallizes in the orthorhombic perovskites structure Pbnm. On cooling, below T N =41K Mn spins order incommensurately point along the magnetic wave vector τ ∼ 0.275b * [5,6]. On further cooling below T S =28K, a c-axis component of the Mn moment orders with a phase shift of π/2 with respect to the b-component so as to form a cycloidal structure where Mn-spins rotate within the bc plane and around the aaxis as shown in Fig. 1(a)[5]. The axis of spin rotation defines the DM interaction, S i × S i+1 , while the distance r i,i+1 is parallel to the modulation vector τ . For this type of spin order, inversion symmetry is broken yielding for R=Tb and Dy, a ferroelectric polarization along the c-axis as indeed is observed (P s c ∼ a × b) [5,6].It is tempting to assume that the flop in the ferroelectric polarization arises from a flop in the Mn-spin spiral, but so far there is no experimental prove for ...

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“…Systematic investigations of the magnetic 10,11 and multiferroic properties 1,2,12,13 of the rare-earth manganites RMnO 3 (R = Gd, Tb, Dy) have revealed a transition from a paramagnet (PM) into an incommensurate antiferromagnet (IC-AFM), and subsequently into a canted-antiferromagnetic (CA-AFM) structure in GdMnO 3 or a commensurate antiferromagnetic (C-AFM) phase in TbMnO 3 and DyMnO 3 . At the lock-in transition from the IC-AFM to the C-AFM, ferroelectricity is induced 1,2,12 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Possible evidence for electromagnons in multiferroic manganites

et al. 2006

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M agnetodielectric materials are characterized by a strong coupling of the magnetic and dielectric properties and, in rare cases, simultaneously show both magnetic and polar order. Among other multiferroics, TbMnO 3 and GdMnO 3 reveal a strong magneto-dielectric coupling and as a consequence fundamentally different spin excitations exist: electro-active magnons (or electromagnons), spin waves that can be excited by a.c. electric fields. Here we provide evidence that these excitations appear in the phase with an incommensurate magnetic structure of the manganese spins. In external magnetic fields this incommensurate structure can be suppressed and the electromagnons wiped out, thereby inducing considerable changes in the index of refraction from d.c. up to terahertz frequencies. Hence, besides adding a creature to the zoo of fundamental excitations, the refractive index can be tuned by moderate magnetic fields, which enables the design of the next generation of optical switches and optoelectronic devices.Enormous progress has been made in the field of multiferroics and the discovery of new classes of ferroelectromagnets (FEMs) with the simultaneous occurrence of magnetic and polar order [1][2][3][4][5] has triggered a revival 6,7 of this old field of magneto-dielectric effects and the electrodynamics of multiferroic media 8 . As well as promising applications of FEMs in the field of modern electronics, for example, as multiple-state memory devices with mutual magnetic or electric control or as magnetically switchable optical devices, fascinating new problems can be tackled in basic research, such as the search for magneto-dielectric excitations.

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Magnetic-field-induced transition in the lattice modulation of colossal magnetoelectricGdMnO3andTbMn

Cited by 134 publications

References 15 publications

Interface-dependent rectifying TbMnO3-based heterojunctions

Interface-dependent rectifying TbMnO3-based heterojunctions

Flop of Electric Polarization Driven by the Flop of the Mn Spin Cycloid in MultiferroicTbMnO3

Possible evidence for electromagnons in multiferroic manganites

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