Magnetic Nanoparticle Immobilized N-Propylsulfamic Acid as a Recyclable and Efficient Nanocatalyst for the Synthesis of 2H-indazolo[2,1-b]phthalazine-triones in Solvent-Free Conditions: Comparison with Sulfamic Acid

Abstract

N-Propylsulfamic acid supported onto magnetic Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles (MNPs-PSA) was used as an efficient and magnetically recoverable catalyst for synthesis of 2H-Indazolo[2,1-b]phthalazine-1,6,11(13H)-trione derivatives from the three-component, one-pot condensation reaction of phthalhydrazide, aromatic aldehydes and cyclic 1,3-diones, in good to excellent yields at 100°C under solvent-free conditions. The catalyst was easily separated with the assistance of an external magnetic field from the reaction mixture and reused for several consecutive runs without significant loss of its catalytic efficiency. In order to compare, the synthesis of 2H-Indazolo[2,1-b]phthalazine-1,6,11(13H)-trione derivatives in the presence of catalytic amount of sulfamic acid (SA) under same reaction condition was also reported.

Schiff base complexes of Ni, Co, Cr, Cd and Zn supported on magnetic nanoparticles: As efficient and recyclable catalysts for the oxidation of sulfides and oxidative coupling of thiols

“…Nanoparticulate supports form a ''semihomogeneous'' system and can serve as an intermediate between homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis [4]. However, nanoparticles are difficult to separate by filtration techniques [5]. This drawback can be overcome by magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), which can be easily removed from the reaction mixture by magnetic separation.…”

Palladium–S‐propyl‐2‐aminobenzothioate immobilized on Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles as catalyst for Suzuki and Heck reactions in water or poly(ethylene glycol)

“…Also some of them require high temperature for calcination or a lot of time and tedious conditions for their preparation. The separation drawback can be overcome by the use of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), which can be rapidly and easily isolated from a reaction mixture using an external magnet . More importantly, magnetic separation is more effective and easier than filtration or centrifugation, is simple, economical and clean separation, promising for industrial applications .…”

Synthesis of heterocycles and fused heterocycles catalyzed by nanomaterials

“…107 Rostami et al also applied N-propylsulfamic acid supported onto magnetic Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles (MNPs-PSA) as an efficient and magnetically recoverable catalyst for the synthesis of 2H-Indazolo[2,1-b]phthalazine-1,6,11(13H)-trione 146 from a similar one-pot three-component reaction (Scheme 86, Table 68, Method C). 116 The same authors have developed this synthetic method for the preparation of bis-2H-indazolo[2,1b]phthalazine-trione 146 derivative in a 2:1.1:2 molar ratio of phthalhydrazide to isophthaladehyde and dimedone ( 146a 146b 146c 146d 146e 146f 146g 146h 146i 146j 146k 146a 146l 146i 146h 146j 146m 146n 146o 146b 146p 146q 146k 146r 146c 146s 146t 146u 146v 146w 146x 146y 146a 146b 146j 146c 146i 146e 146z 146c 146b 146r 146aa 146ab Yield (%) Table 69). 110 The nature and position of substitution in the aromatic ring did not affect the reactions much.…”