Magnetic Resonance Imaging Appearance of Intracranial Hemorrhage Secondary to Cerebral Vascular Malformation in a Dog

Thomas, William B.; Adams, William; McGavin, M. D.; Gompf, Rebecca Elaine

doi:10.1111/j.1740-8261.1997.tb02100.x

Cited by 42 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In humans, clinical signs due to cerebral vascular malformations have a peak incidence in the third decade of life. 14,15 In humans, late onset of signs has been explained by continued hemodynamic stress and consequent attenuation of the abnormal vessels which eventually leads to hemorrhage. 15,16 In addition, there is strong evidence that some CNS vascular malformations in people may be acquired, as a result of trauma, radiation, or other injury to the CNS.…”

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confidence: 99%

Cerebral vascular hamartoma in a geriatric cat

Martín-Vaquero

Moore

Wolk

et al. 2011

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

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An 11-year-old castrated male domestic medium hair cat was presented with neurological signs consistent with a right thalamocortical lesion. Computed tomography (CT) images revealed a heterogeneously, hyperattenuating, poorly contrast enhancing intra-axial mass within the right lateral ventricle. The histological diagnosis at post-mortem examination was vascular hamartoma with hemorrhage and necrosis. This is the first report of a vascular hamartoma affecting the thalamocortex in a geriatric cat. Also, this is the first time that CT images of a feline cerebral vascular hamartoma have been reported.

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confidence: 99%

Cerebral vascular hamartoma in a geriatric cat

Martín-Vaquero

Moore

Wolk

et al. 2011

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

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“…The formation of methemoglobin in such a lesion is a result of decreasing oxygen tension within the hematoma as it ages, causing deoxyhemoglobin to be oxidized to methemoglobin. 9 This timing fits with the dog's history of hind limb ataxia. The mixed appearance of the lesion was hypothesized to represent repeated small hemorrhages associated with continued disruption of the intervertebral venous plexuses at this site.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…The MRI appearance of hematomas is reported to be dependent on several factors; included among these is the duration of a hematoma, which influences its biochemical makeup and, in turn, determines its intensity on specific MRI sequences. 6,8,9 The lesion in the dog of this report was most consistent with a subacute to chronic hematoma; such hematomas (containing primarily extracellular methemoglobin) would be expected to appear hyperintense on T1-and T2-weighted images, 8 compared with the spinal cord, as detected in the dog of this report. The formation of methemoglobin in such a lesion is a result of decreasing oxygen tension within the hematoma as it ages, causing deoxyhemoglobin to be oxidized to methemoglobin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Fecal incontinence associated with epidural spinal hematoma and intervertebral disk extrusion in a dog

Cerdá-González

Olby²

2006

Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association

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“…Due to the similar MR signal pattern and the high incidence in older horses intraventricular cholesteatoma was our main differential diagnosis. T1W iso-to hyperintense and T2W hypointense signal, which is accentuated to signal voids in T2*W are consistent with early subacute hemorrhage (Thomas et al 1997). This is an unspecific finding and was described with metastatic hemangiosarcoma (Dennler et al 2007), hemangioma (Eichelberger et al 2011) and intratumoral hemorrhage in choroid plexus tumors in dogs (Wisner et al 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Magnetic resonance imaging of an equine ependymoma

Leser¹,

Flatz²,

Brühschwein³

et al. 2013

PHK

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SummaryA 16-year-old Warmblood gelding was presented with head tilt and a history of increasing numbers of seizures with alterations in consciousness. After each seizure the horse was depressed and quiet whereas before the episodes the gelding was restless, distracted and showed signs of discomfort (chewing, rolling its eyes). In the interictal period the horse was normal. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a third ventricle mass and ventriculomegaly of the third and lateral ventricles. Histology of the mass was consistent with a well differentiated ependymoma. Keywords Signalment, History, Clinical findingsA 16-year-old warmblood gelding was presented with a 1-year history of progressive changes in mentation and recurrent paroxysmal collapse since 4 weeks. On clinical examination vital parameters were within physiological range (heart rate 40/min, respiratory rate 16/min). Superficial abrasions were evident on the horses` hind limbs. On neurological examination, the gelding was depressed. The horse showed a normal gait while it revealed slight proprioceptive deficits and delayed limb placement correction. Cutaneus trunci reflex and slap test were normal. The horse displayed a mild head tilt to the left with absence of pathological nystagmus. Evaluation of the cranial nerves bilaterally revealed mid-sized nonresponsive pupils. Hence, pupillary light reflex could not be elicited while vision was not impaired. Tongue tone and cervical reflexes were physiological. Examination of tail carriage, anal tone and anal reflex revealed no abnormalities. An intracranial disease was suspected with involvement of the midbrain and reticular activating system. Laboratory examination of blood revealed no abnormal findings. As the owner wanted the diagnostics and treatment to be cost restrictive an attempt was made to rule out infectious or inflammatory conditions by administering drugs. The horse showed no improvement upon treatment with systemic antibiotics, steroids and non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs. The owner finally elected euthanasia and consented to extended postmortem examinations. ImagingA post-mortem Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the neurocranium was performed immediately after euthanasia and cervical transection. All scans were performed with a 1.5 Tesla magnet (Magnetom Symphony, Siemens Medizintechnik, Erlangen, Germany) equipped with a spine coil and CP body array flex coil. The head and cervical spine were placed in left lateral recumbency. Images of the head and brain were acquired with T2-weighted turbo spin-echo (T2W) sequences in sagittal, dorsal and transverse planes (TR 8810 msec; TE 105). A T1-weighted 3D gradient-echo (T1W) sequence with multiplanar reconstruction images in sagittal orientation was acquired (TR 350; TE 17). Scans were accomplished by additional Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery (FLAIR; TR 9130; TE 127; TI 2500) and a T2*-weighted gradient echo sequence (T2*W; TR 1000; TE 28) in transverse plane. Dorsal, transverse and sagittal images of the cranial cervical spine (C1-C4) we...

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Magnetic Resonance Imaging Appearance of Intracranial Hemorrhage Secondary to Cerebral Vascular Malformation in a Dog

Cited by 42 publications

References 12 publications

Cerebral vascular hamartoma in a geriatric cat

Cerebral vascular hamartoma in a geriatric cat

Fecal incontinence associated with epidural spinal hematoma and intervertebral disk extrusion in a dog

Magnetic resonance imaging of an equine ependymoma

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