Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Shoulder in Abduction

Shibuta, Hideo; Tamai, Kazuya; Tabuchi, Kiyoshi

doi:10.1097/00003086-199803000-00018

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Recent studies of subacromial clearance have not explicitly studied scapular motion but have either examined the effects of total humeral elevation in vivo (2,9,33) or the effects of glenohumeral motion in a cadaver model (3,8). Flatow et al (8) reported that subacromial soft tissues were in contact with the undersurface of the acromion during normal elevation of the humerus and that suprahumeral space gradually decreased with simulated active elevation of the arm using cadaver specimens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scapular Rotation in Swimmers with and without Impingement Syndrome: Practice Effects

Johnson²,

Gracely³

et al. 2004

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise

138

135

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. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a normal swim practice on the scapular kinematics of swimmers with impingement syndrome and healthy swimmers. Methods: Twenty swimmers with no known shoulder pathology and 20 swimmers with shoulder impingement syndrome participated in this study. Shoulder strength measurements were made with a hand-held dynamometer. Static scapular upward rotation was measured with an inclinometer with the arm at rest, and at 45, 90, and 135°of humeral elevation. Measurements were made pre-and postswim training. Results: There were no differences in baseline measurements of kinematics between the two groups. After swimming, both groups experienced muscle fatigue as indicated by a significant reduction in force generation. Although swimming practice resulted in no significant differences in scapular kinematics for the healthy swimmers, there were significant decreases in scapular upward rotation in subjects with shoulder impingement. Conclusions: Abnormal scapular kinematics in swimmers with impingement syndrome may only be observed after an intense swim practice. The examination of swimmers immediately after swimming may provide more information regarding impingement syndrome than a typical clinical exam.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scapular Rotation in Swimmers with and without Impingement Syndrome: Practice Effects

Johnson²,

Gracely³

et al. 2004

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise

138

135

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“…Glenohumeral kinematics have been analyzed with standard radiographs, [7][8][9][10]12 magnetic resonance imaging, [13][14][15][16] ultrasound, 17 and computed tomography. 18 In most studies using these methods, images were taken with the GH joint held in static positions.…”

Section: Nvestigatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rotator Cuff Fatigue and Glenohumeral Kinematics in Participants Without Shoulder Dysfunction

Teyhen

Miller

Middag

et al. 2008

Journal of Athletic Training

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Context: Researchers have established that superior migration of the humeral head increases after fatigue of the rotator cuff muscles. In these studies, the investigators used imaging techniques to assess migration of the humeral head during statically held shoulder positions. Their results may not represent the amount of superior humeral head migration that occurs during dynamic arm elevation.Objective: To investigate the effect of rotator cuff fatigue on humeral head migration during dynamic concentric arm elevation (arm at the side [approximately 06] to 1356) in healthy individuals and to determine the test-retest reliability of digital fluoroscopic video for assessing glenohumeral migration.Design: Test-retest cohort study. Setting: Research laboratory.Patients or Other Participants: Twenty men (age 5 27.7 6 3.6 years, mass 5 81.5 6 11.8 kg) without shoulder disorders participated in this study.Intervention(s): Three digital fluoroscopic videos (2 prefatigue and 1 postfatigue) of arm elevation were collected at 30 Hz. The 2 prefatigue arm elevation trials were used to assess test-retest reliability with the arm at the side and at 456, 906, and 1356 of elevation. The prefatigue and postfatigue digital fluoroscopic videos were used to assess the effects of rotator cuff fatigue on glenohumeral migration. All measurements were taken in the right shoulder.Main Outcome Measure(s): The dependent measure was glenohumeral migration (in millimeters). We calculated the intraclass correlation coefficient and standard error of the measurement to assess the test-retest reliability. A 2 3 4 repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to assess the effects of fatigue on arm elevation at the 4 shoulder positions.Results: The test-retest reliability ranged from good to excellent (.77 to .92). Superior migration of the humeral head increased postfatigue (P , .001), regardless of angle.Conclusions: Digital fluoroscopic video assessment of shoulder kinematics provides a reliable tool for studying kinematics during arm elevation. Furthermore, superior migration of the humeral head during arm elevation increases with rotator cuff fatigue in individuals without shoulder dysfunction.Key Words: biomechanics, humeral head migration, imaging Key PointsN Superior migration of the humeral head increased during dynamic arm elevation after the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and teres minor muscles of the rotator cuff were fatigued.N When used to analyze humeral head migration relative to the glenoid fossa, digital fluoroscopic video had good to excellent intrarater reliability.N Research is required to determine the influence of rotator cuff fatigue on glenohumeral migration in individuals with underlying shoulder disorders.

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“…23,25,38 Graichen et al 23,25 computed the minimum distance from the humerus to the acromion during abduction and rotation of the shoulder in normal subjects. In all 12 subjects, the minimum acromiohumeral distance vector penetrated the supraspinatus during 90°ab-duction with 45°internal rotation but passed lateral to the supraspinatus during pure abduction of 120°or greater.…”

Section: Subacromial Impingementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14 Biomechanical analyses of shoulder abduction and rotation predict that the Hawkins sign position should result in greater subacromial contact of the rotator cuff than the Neer sign position. 6,7,14,23,25,38 However, a recent in vivo study of asymptomatic volunteers did not observe subacromial contact of the rotator cuff in either the Neer or the Hawkins sign position. 35 Furthermore, whereas internal impingement in the Neer and Hawkins positions has been suggested by recent skeletal 12 and cadaveric 40 studies, this mechanism has not been demonstrated in vivo.…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%