Magnetic Resonance with Squeezed Microwaves

Bienfait, Audrey; Campagne-Ibarcq, Philippe; Kiilerich, Alexander Holm; Zhou, Xin; Probst, Sebastian; Pla, Jarryd; Schenkel, T.; Vion, Denis; Estève, D.; Morton, John J. L.; Moelmer, Klaus; Bertet, Patrice

doi:10.1103/physrevx.7.041011

Cited by 86 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…As expected from the numerical calculations, the low gain Q-function appears Gaussian up to experimental resolution and third and fourth order cumulants are small. On the contrary, the Q-function at high gain is non-Gaussian with a noticeable "S"-shaped distortion, consistent with expectations based on the intracavity fields presented in Figure 4 and also consistent with a recent semi-classical analysis of the JPA response [30]. The inferred third and fourth order output field cumulants presented in panel (e) clearly deviate from the ideal value of zero expected for a Gaussian distribution.…”

Section: Output Field Imagingsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…In the case of the flux-pumped JPA, "S"-shape features have been predicted theoretically and observed experimentally using a semi-classical analysis of the phase-dependence of the JPA response [30,35]. This deformation of the Wigner function is also consistent with experimental studies imaging the JPA output field, see Sec.…”

Section: B Phase Space Representationsupporting

confidence: 67%

“…V, we characterize the JPA as an amplifier by calculating the gain and the quantum efficiency for both the phase-sensitive and phase-preserving modes of operation. In order to relate these results to a series of experiments [28][29][30], in Sec. VI we focus on the phase-sensitive amplification of vacuum, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The properties of JPAs as a source of squeezed light are therefore intimately related to their noise properties as a phase-sensitive amplifier. While JPAs are usually modeled as quantum-limited amplifiers, and thus perfect squeezers, experimental results indicate that nonidealities limits both the achievable level of squeezing [28][29][30] and the measurement quantum efficiency [17,29,31,32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Higher-Order Nonlinearities on Amplification and Squeezing in Josephson Parametric Amplifiers

et al. 2017

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Single-mode Josephson junction-based parametric amplifiers are often modeled as perfect amplifiers and squeezers. We show that, in practice, the gain, quantum efficiency, and output field squeezing of these devices are limited by usually neglected higher-order corrections to the idealized model. To arrive at this result, we derive the leading corrections to the lumped-element Josephson parametric amplifier of three common pumping schemes: monochromatic current pump, bichromatic current pump, and monochromatic flux pump. We show that the leading correction for the last two schemes is a single Kerr-type quartic term, while the first scheme contains additional cubic terms. In all cases, we find that the corrections are detrimental to squeezing. In addition, we show that the Kerr correction leads to a strongly phase-dependent reduction of the quantum efficiency of a phase-sensitive measurement. Finally, we quantify the departure from ideal Gaussian character of the filtered output field from numerical calculation of third and fourth order cumulants. Our results show that, while a Gaussian output field is expected for an ideal Josephson parametric amplifier, higher-order corrections lead to non-Gaussian effects which increase with both gain and nonlinearity strength. This theoretical study is complemented by experimental characterization of the output field of a flux-driven Josephson parametric amplifier. In addition to a measurement of the squeezing level of the filtered output field, the Husimi Q-function of the output field is imaged by the use of a deconvolution technique and compared to numerical results. This work establishes nonlinear corrections to the standard degenerate parametric amplifier model as an important contribution to Josephson parametric amplifier's squeezing and noise performance.

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Section: Output Field Imagingsupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: B Phase Space Representationsupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Higher-Order Nonlinearities on Amplification and Squeezing in Josephson Parametric Amplifiers

et al. 2017

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“…Superconducting co-planar microwave resonators allow for a variety of compact designs in conjunction with high quality factors, and find applications in the sensitive readout of individual quantum systems and small ensembles [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] and the coupling of distinct physical systems 2,8,9 . Superconducting resonators inductively coupled to atomic impurity spins form the basis of proposals for spin-based quantum memories [10][11][12][13][14] and have led to substantial advances in the detection limit of electron spin resonance [5][6][7] .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuning high-Q superconducting resonators by magnetic field reorientation

et al. 2019

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Superconducting resonators interfaced with paramagnetic spin ensembles are used to increase the sensitivity of electron spin resonance experiments and are key elements of microwave quantum memories. Certain spin systems that are promising for such quantum memories possess 'sweet spots' at particular combinations of magnetic fields and frequencies, where spin coherence times or linewidths become particularly favorable. In order to be able to couple high-Q superconducting resonators to such specific spin transitions, it is necessary to be able to tune the resonator frequency under a constant magnetic field amplitude. Here, we demonstrate a high quality, magnetic field resilient superconducting resonator, using a 3D vector magnet to continuously tune its resonance frequency by adjusting the orientation of the magnetic field. The resonator maintains a quality factor of > 10 5 up to magnetic fields of 2.6 T, applied predominantly in the plane of the superconductor. We achieve a continuous tuning of up to 30 MHz by rotating the magnetic field vector, introducing a component of 5 mT perpendicular to the superconductor.

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Enhancement of Steady Quantum Entanglement and Directional Controllability of Quantum Steering in Cavity Magnetic Hybrid Systems

et al. 2023

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Quantum entanglement (QE) and quantum steering (QS) are of importance for quantum information processing and computation. Though there are several schemes proposed for their realization, how to increase their degrees encounters a great challenge. In the present manuscript, it is proposed to enhance steady QE and control Gaussian QS for two magnons using a two-photon field acting on either magnon. The cavity-magnetic hybrid system consists of a microwave cavity in which two identical Yttrium-iron-garnet spheres are placed and the cavity is driven by a Josephson parametric amplifier (JPA) so as to generate steady QE and control Gaussian QS for the two Kittel modes. Besides, a two-photon driving field acting on either magnon in order to enhance the degree of QE and the ability of QS. The best condition to maximum entanglement and steering degrees for the two magnon modes at 𝜺 ≈ 0.8 MHz and r ≈ 2 is found via the competitive relationship between the two-photon driving and JPA. Furthermore, it is revealed that steering direction for the two magnons can be controlled not only by the ratio between the two photon-magnon coupling parameters but also by the two-photon driving field, making controllable steering direction become easier.

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Magnetic Resonance with Squeezed Microwaves

Cited by 86 publications

References 66 publications

Effect of Higher-Order Nonlinearities on Amplification and Squeezing in Josephson Parametric Amplifiers

Effect of Higher-Order Nonlinearities on Amplification and Squeezing in Josephson Parametric Amplifiers

Tuning high-Q superconducting resonators by magnetic field reorientation

Enhancement of Steady Quantum Entanglement and Directional Controllability of Quantum Steering in Cavity Magnetic Hybrid Systems

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