Magnetic reversal and domain structure in perpendicular AF-coupled films

Hellwig, Olav; Berger, Andreas; Fullerton, Eric E.

doi:10.1016/j.jmmm.2004.11.151

Cited by 26 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…We can compare the energy difference between the laterally correlated (AF coupled) and vertically correlated (FM domain) remanent states. 6,19 For each remanent configuration the total energy can be expressed as the sum of the magnetostatic demagnetization, domain wall, and interlayer exchange energies:…”

Section: Page 11 Of 25mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[15][16][17][18] In [(Co/Pt) X-1 /Co/Ru] N multilayers, both vertically and laterally correlated domain states have been observed. 6,[18][19][20] The reversal modes are determined largely by the sample thickness and magnetization and by the strength of the AF interlayer coupling. In these samples, the competition between reversal modes is tuned by N, the number of Co/Pt stacks separated by Ru spacer layers, and X, the number of Co layers per Co/Pt stack ( Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The remanent state energies for the two modes and a corresponding phase diagram at room temperature have previously been calculated, in good agreement with major loop and magnetic imaging measurements. 19,20 Of particular interest are samples along the phase boundary, expected to display a delicate balance among magnetostatic, domain wall and interlayer exchange energies. Coexistence of the reversal modes Page 3 of 25 has indeed been shown by magnetic imaging of the AF domains in the laterally correlated samples where the domain boundaries consist of alternating vertically correlated FM domains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temperature-dependent magnetization reversal in(Co∕Pt)∕Rumultilayers

et al. 2008

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TitleTemperature-dependent magnetization reversal in (Co/Pt)/Ru multilayers AbstractAntiferromagnetically coupled (Co/Pt)/Ru multilayers with perpendicular anisotropy have been shown to exhibit both vertically and laterally correlated magnetization reversal modes.In this work the magnetization reversal of a multilayer film whose layer thicknesses have been tuned to be at the phase boundary between the two reversal modes has been investigated as a function of temperature using the first-order reversal curve (FORC) method. At high temperatures reversal via vertically correlated stripe domains throughout the film thickness is observed, similar to that in Co/Pt films without the Ru spacers. At low temperatures antiferromagnetic (AF) interlayer exchange coupling dominates, and laterally correlated reversal is observed with an AF coupled remanent state. Under magnetic field cycling, dipolar fields can transform the sample back into a vertically correlated domain state, thus leading to an exotic behavior with FORC's existing outside the major hysteresis loop. Calculations show that the laterally correlated reversal mode is indeed slightly more stable, and the crossover to vertically correlated reversal can be induced by temperature as well as magnetic field.

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Section: Page 11 Of 25mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temperature-dependent magnetization reversal in(Co∕Pt)∕Rumultilayers

et al. 2008

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“…The increase in the domain size with decreasing thickness of the ultrathin ferromagnetic films is favorable energetically [13]. In the case of the Co/Pt and similar multilayer systems experiments find nonmonotonic w(d)-dependence (d is the total thickness of the multilayer), with the small-d limit in which w(d) is a decreasing function, and large-d limit in which w(d) increases [14,15]. In our experiment both samples are in a small-d limit.…”

Section: Domain Patternsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Vortex Dynamics in Ferromagnetic/Superconducting Bilayers

et al. 2008

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The dependence of vortex dynamics on the geometry of magnetic domain pattern is studied in the superconducting/ferromagnetic bilayers, in which niobium is a superconductor, and Co/Pt multilayer with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy serves as a ferrromagnetic layer. Magnetic domain patterns with different density of domains per surface area and different domain size, w, are obtained for Co/Pt with different thickness of Pt. The dense patterns of domains with the size comparable to the magnetic penetration depth (w ≥ λ) produce large vortex pinning and smooth vortex penetration, while less dense patterns with larger domains (w λ) enhance pinning less effectively and result in flux jumps during flux motion.

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“…3 plots͒. However, the perpendicular anisotropy should persist even in the thin film limit, 12,13 which is inconsistent with the observed in-plane magnetization near the end of the milling process. It is interesting to note that in Co thin films a similar transition from out-of-plane to in-plane magnetization has been observed after bombardment by 10 keV ͑Ref.…”

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confidence: 81%

Measuring the effects of low energy ion milling on the magnetization of Co/Pd multilayers using scanning electron microscopy with polarization analysis

McMorran¹,

Cochran²,

Dumas³

et al. 2010

Journal of Applied Physics

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The dependence of the magnetization profile of Co/Pd multilayer films with very thin individual layers, Co(0.4 nm)/Pd(0.6 nm), on the energy of ion milling is investigated using scanning electron microscopy with polarization analysis (SEMPA). The effect of Ar ion milling on the Co/Pd magnetization angle distribution is compared for ion milling at 50 eV, 1 keV, and 2 keV. We find that 1 and 2 keV Ar ion milling causes a measurable change in the out-of-plane magnetization angle distribution as material is removed, but ion milling with 50 eV Ar ions does not significantly alter the magnetization. This enables quantitative imaging of all three vector components of the surface magnetization of the Co/Pd multilayer films with 20 nm lateral spatial resolution using SEMPA.

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Magnetic reversal and domain structure in perpendicular AF-coupled films

Cited by 26 publications

References 26 publications

Temperature-dependent magnetization reversal in(Co∕Pt)∕Rumultilayers

Temperature-dependent magnetization reversal in(Co∕Pt)∕Rumultilayers

Vortex Dynamics in Ferromagnetic/Superconducting Bilayers

Measuring the effects of low energy ion milling on the magnetization of Co/Pd multilayers using scanning electron microscopy with polarization analysis

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