Malignant melanoma of the anorectum—a rare entity

Trzciński, Radzisław; Kujawski, Ryszard; Mik, Michał; Sygut, Andrzej; Dziki, Łukasz; Dziki, Adam

doi:10.1007/s00423-009-0586-5

Cited by 17 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Amelanotic ARMMs can present some pigmentation at the periphery of the lesion and it is characterised by a worse prognosis because of the difficulty of diagnosis and the invasive nature [ 18 , 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anorectal mucosal melanoma

et al. 2018

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Anorectal melanoma is an uncommon and aggressive mucosal melanocytic malignancy. Due to its rarity, the pre-operative diagnosis remains difficult. The first symptoms are non-specific such as anal bleeding, anal mass or pain. Although anorectal melanoma carries a poor prognosis; optimal therapeutics strategies are unclear.Surgical resection remains the mainstay of treatment. The optimal surgical procedure for primary tumours is controversial and can vary from wide local excision or endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) to an abdomino-perineal resection.A high degree of uncertainly exists regarding the benefit of radiation therapy or chemotherapy. The treatment of advanced melanoma is evolving rapidly with better understanding of the disease biology and immunology. Considerable effort has been devoted to the identification of molecular determinants of response to target therapies and immunotherapy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some authors suggest that malignant melanoma develops from intestinal Schwann cells. Other authors proposed that malignant melanomas originate from neural crest and during embryogenesis migrated to the basal layer of the epidermis and the hair follicles [ 19 , 20 , 33 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anorectal mucosal melanoma

et al. 2018

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“…While it is the third most common site of a primary melanoma, it accounts for <1% of anorectal malignancies 1, 2…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Twenty percent of patients will have inguinal lymphadenopathy at presentation, while up to 25%‐35% will have distant metastasis 1, 2, 4. The five‐year survival rate has been reported to be approximately 6%; median survival is 12‐18 months 4, 5…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anorectal melanoma treated with abdominoperineal resection

Svoboda

Attuwaybi

2018

Clinical Case Reports

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“…Many treatments including surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy have been used, but AMM is frequently radiotherapy-resistant and shows a poor response to chemotherapy [2]. Whether surgical procedure is better than other treatments is still an issue, and also it is controversial whether abdominoperineal resection of the anorectum (APR) or Wilde local excision (WLE) of the tumor has better outcomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abdominal perineal resection or wilde local excision in primary anorectal malignant melanoma. Case report and review

Latteri

Teodoro

Malaguarnera

et al. 2017

Annals of Medicine &Amp; Surgery

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IntroductionPrimary anorectal malignant melanoma is a rare and aggressive tumor that carries a poor prognosis. Anorectal melanoma (ARM) is often misdiagnosed as hemorrhoids adenocarcinoma polips and rectal cancer. ARM spreads along sub-mucosal planes and is often to wide-spread for complete resection at time of diagnosis and almost all patients die because of metastases.Presentation of the caseA 77-year-old male patient presented a history of recurrent rectal bleeding and whose histopathological diagnosis was melanoma.DiscussionThe treatment of choice remains controversial. Surgery with complete resection represents the typical treatment. However standard operative procedures related to the area of resection and lymph dissection have yet to be established. Abdominal perineal resection (APR) with or without bilateral inguinal lymphadenectomy or wide local excision (WLE) have been used to manage patients with ARM.ConclusionThe higher serum levels of LDH and YKL-40 are suggestive for Anorectal Melanoma diagnosis. The decrease of these findings may be associated with good prognosis. The review of both APR and WLE options suggests no significant difference in survival among patients.

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Malignant melanoma of the anorectum—a rare entity

Abstract: Anal melanoma remains a deadly problem. Clear guidelines for the therapy of anorectal melanoma have not been established. This mainly results from the rarity of this tumour. Treatment is based on retrospective studies, which report a limited number of cases.

Cited by 17 publications

References 17 publications

Anorectal mucosal melanoma

Anorectal mucosal melanoma

Anorectal melanoma treated with abdominoperineal resection

Abdominal perineal resection or wilde local excision in primary anorectal malignant melanoma. Case report and review

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