Malnutrition and Poverty in the Early Stages of Famine: North Darfur, 1988–90

Jaspars, Susanne; Young, Helen

doi:10.1111/j.1467-7717.1995.tb00340.x

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…2003; Morrow 1999). Similarly, studies of past famines suggest that a drought can affect different areas and people within the same stricken area very differently (Mbithi and Wisner 1973; Jaspars and Young 1995). In a recent attempt to conceptualize the way in which components of vulnerability are linked to factors beyond the system of study, Turner et al (2003) emphasize the role of place‐based analysis.…”

Section: Coping and Vulnerabilitymentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Past studies of drought have observed that households may reduce meals in order to make food stocks last longer and to minimize the exchange of production capital for food. Reduced consumption may also, at a later stage, be a response to complete exhaustion of food stocks and poor alternative sources of food and income (Kennedy 1992; Jaspars and Young 1995). Reconnaissance and key informant interviews gleaned school dropout and reduction of means as relatively reliable indicators of a household being adversely impacted during drought in both sites.…”

Section: The Case Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The dynamics of vulnerability: locating coping strategies in Kenya and Tanzania

Eriksen

Brown

Kelly

2005

Geographical Journal

341

207

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We investigate how smallholder farmers at two sites in Kenya and Tanzania cope with climate stress and how constraints and opportunities shape variations in coping strategies between households and over time during a drought. On the basis of this analysis, we draw out implications for adaptation and adaptive policy. We find that households where an individual was able to specialize in one favoured activity, such as employment or charcoal burning, in the context of overall diversification by the household, were often less vulnerable than households where each individual is engaged in many activities at low intensity. Many households had limited access to the favoured coping options due to a lack of skill, labour and/or capital. This lack of access was compounded by social relations that led to exclusion of certain groups, especially women, from carrying out favoured activities with sufficient intensity. These households instead carried out a multitude of less favoured and frequently complementary activities, such as collecting indigenous fruit. While characterized by suitability to seasonal environmental variations and low demands on time and cash investments, these strategies often yielded marginal returns. Both the marginalization of local niche products and the commercialization of forest resources exemplify processes leading to differential vulnerability. We suggest that vulnerability can usefully be viewed in terms of the interaction of such processes, following the concept of locality. We argue that coping is a distinct component of vulnerability and that understanding the dynamism of coping and vulnerability is critical to developing adaptation measures that support people as active agents.

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Section: Coping and Vulnerabilitymentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: The Case Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The dynamics of vulnerability: locating coping strategies in Kenya and Tanzania

Eriksen

Brown

Kelly

2005

Geographical Journal

341

207

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…According to an estimate, 159 million under-5 children are stunted globally (Schrijner and Smits, 2018). Malnutrition has become a severe problem in underdeveloped countries and natural disaster affected regions (Jaspars and Young, 1995). Chronic under-nutrition is pervasive in most low-income countries, hit by a natural disaster (Evans and Bassani, 2018), resulting in low levels of human performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and determinants of stunting among preschool and school-going children in the flood-affected areas of Pakistan

Haq

Mehmood

Afzal³

et al. 2022

Braz. J. Biol.

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Stunting is a significant public health problem in low- and middle-income countries. This study assessed the prevalence of stunting and associated risk factors of stunting among preschool and school-going children in flood-affected areas of Pakistan. A cross-sectional study was conducted by visiting 656 households through multi-stage sampling. Respondent’s anthropometric measurements, socio-demographic information and sanitation facilities were explored. A logistic regression model was used to determine determinants of stunting, controlling for all possible confounders. The overall prevalence of stunting in children was 40.5%, among children 36.1% boys and 46.3% of girls were stunted. The prevalence of stunting in under-five children was 50.7%. Female children (OR=1.35, 95% CI:0.94-2.0), children aged 13-24 months (OR=6.5, 95% CI: 3.0-13.9), mothers aged 15-24 years (OR=4.4, 95% CI: 2.6-7.2), joint family (OR=2.1, 95% CI: 1.4-3.0) did not have access to improved drinking water (OR=3.3, 95% CI: 1.9-5.9), and the toilet facility (OR=2.8, 95% CI, 1.9-4.3), while the children from district Nowshera (OR=1.7, 95% CI: 0.9-3.2) were significantly (P<0.05) associated in univariate analysis. The regression model revealed that child age, maternal age, family type, quality of water, and toilet facility, were the significant (P<0.05) factors contributing to child stunting in the flood-hit areas. Identification of key factors might be helpful for policymakers in designing comprehensive community-based programs for the reduction of stunting in flood-affected areas. In disasters such as flood, the detrimental consequences of the stunting problem could be even more on children. Evidence-based education and care must be provided to the families in the flood-affected regions to reduce the stunting problem. The determinants of stunting should be targeted by making comprehensive policies regarding proper nutrition, livelihood, clean water, and sanitation facilities in flood-hit regions.

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“…In African societies, for example, the socio-demographic outcomes of children have been found to be negatively affected by the HIV/AIDS epidemic (e.g. Young and Ansell 2003; Foster and Williamson 2000); wars (Albertyn et al 2003; Veale and Dona 2003); as well as famines (Jaspars and Young 1995). More recently, research on African children affected by these events has drawn attention to their effects on orphan status, and in turn, the effects of orphan status on schooling (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Family Contexts and Schooling Disruption among Orphans in Post-Genocide Rwanda

Thomas

2009

Popul Res Policy Rev

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This study examines the relationship between orphan status and schooling disruption in post-genocide Rwanda. The results indicate that while non-orphans have more favorable schooling outcomes in two-parent than in single-parent families, the reverse is true among Rwandan orphans. In single-mother households, paternal orphans, i.e. orphans with only a living mother, have better outcomes than their orphan and non-orphan counterparts. In contrast, paternal orphans have worse outcomes than other children in two-parent households, especially in households headed by males. Maternal orphans are more likely to experience schooling disruptions than non-orphans regardless of family structure. The maternal-orphan disadvantage is nevertheless greater in female-headed than in male-headed households. As expected, non-related orphans are more disadvantaged than orphans related to their household heads. However, non-related orphans have a greater disadvantage in two-parent than in single-parent households. The results also suggest that within households, the provision of childcare to children below schooling age is an impediment to orphan’s schooling. These impediments are, however, greater for double-orphans than paternal or maternal orphans.

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Malnutrition and Poverty in the Early Stages of Famine: North Darfur, 1988–90

Cited by 14 publications

References 33 publications

The dynamics of vulnerability: locating coping strategies in Kenya and Tanzania

The dynamics of vulnerability: locating coping strategies in Kenya and Tanzania

Prevalence and determinants of stunting among preschool and school-going children in the flood-affected areas of Pakistan

Family Contexts and Schooling Disruption among Orphans in Post-Genocide Rwanda

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