Mammographic Tissue, Breast Cancer Risk, Serial Image Analysis, and Digital Mammography

Heine, John J.; Malhotra, Poonam

doi:10.1016/s1076-6332(03)80373-2

Cited by 73 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 136 publications

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“…This may reflect We found a relationship between SMF volume, but not SMF%, and a maternal history of breast cancer, although this did not quite reach conventional levels of statistical significance. This accords with a recent review, which noted that most relationships reported are weak, and that family history and mammographic density are independent risk factors (Heine and Malhotra, 2002). We had no information on breast cancer in other relatives.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Previous studies have found positive relationships between age at menarche and breast density (El-Bastawissi et al, 2000;Sala et al, 2000), although in this and other previous studies (Jakes et al, 2000;Maskarinec et al, 2002;Heng et al, 2004) such associations have not been demonstrated. Lower parity and later age at first pregnancy are two of the most consistently reported risk factors for breast cancer (Kelsey et al, 1993), and have also been shown to be related to breast density in later life (Heine and Malhotra, 2002), most recently using both SCC and SMF methods in a sample of 250 women in England (McCormack et al, 2007). Our results relating density to parity were mixed, the association with age at first pregnancy being evident only for SCC, and was weaker than reported previously (Heine and Malhotra, 2002).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

“…RW has previously reported high agreement with other radiologists in assigning visual density categories to mammograms (Atkinson et al, 1999(Atkinson et al, , 2004. The SCC scale was chosen to make our work comparable with that of other researchers, who have found four-fold differences in the risk of breast cancer in women in the extreme categories of this scale (Heine and Malhotra, 2002). The project was initiated prior to the release of the BI-RADS 4 classification system by the American College of Radiology in 2003.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Lower parity and later age at first pregnancy are two of the most consistently reported risk factors for breast cancer (Kelsey et al, 1993), and have also been shown to be related to breast density in later life (Heine and Malhotra, 2002), most recently using both SCC and SMF methods in a sample of 250 women in England (McCormack et al, 2007). Our results relating density to parity were mixed, the association with age at first pregnancy being evident only for SCC, and was weaker than reported previously (Heine and Malhotra, 2002). This may reflect We found a relationship between SMF volume, but not SMF%, and a maternal history of breast cancer, although this did not quite reach conventional levels of statistical significance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All previous studies have found BMI inversely related to percent breast density (Heine and Malhotra, 2002). Using descriptive parenchymal patterns (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Breast cancer risk factors and a novel measure of volumetric breast density: cross-sectional study

Jeffreys

Warren

Highnam³

et al. 2007

Br J Cancer

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We conducted a cross-sectional study nested within a prospective cohort of breast cancer risk factors and two novel measures of breast density volume among 590 women who had attended Glasgow University (1948 -1968), replied to a postal questionnaire (2001) and attended breast screening in Scotland (1989Scotland ( -2002. Volumetric breast density was estimated using a fully automated computer programme applied to digitised film-screen mammograms, from medio-lateral oblique mammograms at the first-screening visit. This measured the proportion of the breast volume composed of dense (non-fatty) tissue (Standard Mammogram Form (SMF)%) and the absolute volume of this tissue (SMF volume, cm 3 ). Median age at first screening was 54.1 years (range: 40.0 -71.5), median SMF volume 70.25 cm 3 (interquartile range: 51.0 -103.0) and mean SMF% 26.3%, s.d. ¼ 8.0% (range: 12.7 -58.8%). Age-adjusted logistic regression models showed a positive relationship between age at last menstrual period and SMF%, odds ratio (OR) per year later: 1.05 (95% confidence interval: 1.01 -1.08, P ¼ 0.004). Number of pregnancies was inversely related to SMF volume, OR per extra pregnancy: 0.78 (0.70 -0.86, Po0.001). There was a suggestion of a quadratic relationship between birthweight and SMF%, with lowest risks in women born under 2.5 and over 4 kg. Body mass index (BMI) at university (median age 19) and in 2001 (median age 62) were positively related to SMF volume, OR per extra kg m À2 1.21 (1.15 -1.28) and 1.17 (1.09 -1.26), respectively, and inversely related to SMF%, OR per extra kg m À2 0.83 (0.79 -0.88) and 0.82 (0.76 -0.88), respectively, Po0.001. Standard Mammogram Form% and absolute SMF volume are related to several, but not all, breast cancer risk factors. In particular, the positive relationship between BMI and SMF volume suggests that volume of dense breast tissue will be a useful marker in breast cancer studies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All previous studies have found BMI inversely related to percent breast density (Heine and Malhotra, 2002). Using descriptive parenchymal patterns (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Breast cancer risk factors and a novel measure of volumetric breast density: cross-sectional study

Jeffreys

Warren

Highnam³

et al. 2007

Br J Cancer

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Alcohol intake in adolescence and mammographic density

Vachon

Sellers

Janney

et al. 2005

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Adolescent exposures may be important in the development of breast cancer later in life. We examined the association of adolescent alcohol consumption and adult mammographic density, a strong risk factor for breast cancer. Women within the Minnesota Breast Cancer Family Cohort with detailed mammogram and risk factor information (n 5 1,893) formed our sample. Breast cancer cases were excluded. Adolescent alcohol consumption (before age 18) was solicited through a mailed questionnaire. Percent density (PD) was estimated using the computer-assisted thresholding program, Cumulus. Statistical analyses were performed using linear mixed effect models. Women who reported ever drinking alcohol before age 18 (n 5 390; 21%) had a higher unadjusted PD than women who never drank during adolescence (l unadj 5 26.5% vs. 22.2%), but this difference disappeared with adjustment for risk factors for mammographic density (l adj 5 21.0% vs. 21.2%, p 5 0.94). Adult PD was not associated with age at initiation, amount of alcohol consumed at one sitting or frequency of alcohol use before age 18. The lack of differences was seen across strata of menopausal status. There was suggestion of higher PD among heavy and more frequent drinkers (24.0%, 95% CI 21.1-26.8%) compared to lighter (21.3%, 95% CI 20.3-22.3%) and never drinkers (21.4%, 95% CI 20.9-21.9%) and also among regular adolescent drinkers who were daily or weekly adult drinkers (25.0%, 95% CI 23.0-27.0%) compared to less regular drinkers in these 2 time periods (23.0-23.4%). However, these associations were not statistically significant (p 5 0.27 and p 5 0.22, respectively). In summary, there was no evidence that adolescent alcohol use was associated with large and persistent effects on adult PD. ' 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.Key words: mammographic density; adolescent alcohol; breast cancerThe high number of cell divisions during adolescence and young adulthood may render the breast especially susceptible to carcinogenic influence and signify this as an especially critical time period.1 Usual adult alcohol consumption is a consistent risk factor for breast cancer, with a 7% (95% CI: 5.5-8.7%) increase in risk for each additional 10 g/day of alcohol (approximately 0.75-1 drink) compared to nondrinkers.2 However, the potential influence of alcohol consumption during adolescence on breast cancer remains unsettled. Epidemiologic evidence is inconsistent, with some studies finding an increased risk for breast cancer with age of initiation before age 25, 3-6 whereas others do not. 7-17 A recent review of the literature on adolescent alcohol consumption and breast cancer concluded that there is no clear association. 18One strategy to help resolve the inconsistency is to examine the association of alcohol use in adolescence with mammographic density, which is an established risk factor for breast cancer 19 and is a measurable phenotype closer in time to the exposure of interest.Women with percent mammographic density >50% have a 3-5-fold greater risk of breast cancer than women with low densit...

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Wavelet-based Feature Analysis for Classification of Breast Masses from Normal Dense Tissue

Sakellaropoulos

Skiadopoulos

Karahaliou

et al.

IFIP International Federation for Information Processing

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Automated detection of masses on mammograms is challenged by the presence of dense breast parenchyma. The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of using wavelet-based feature analysis for differentiating masses, of varying sizes, from normal dense tissue on mammograms. The dataset analyzed consists of 166 regions of interest (ROIs) containing spiculated masses (60), circumscribed masses (40) and normal dense tissue (66). A set of ten multiscale features, based on intensity, texture and edge variations, were extracted from the ROIs subimages provided by the overcomplete wavelet transform. Logistic regression analysis was employed to determine the optimal multiscale features for differentiating masses from normal dense tissue. The classification accuracy in differentiating circumscribed masses from normal dense tissue is comparable with the corresponding accuracy in differentiating spiculated masses from normal dense tissue, achieving areas under the ROC curve 0.895 and 0.875, respectively.Please use the following format when citing this chapter:

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Mammographic Tissue, Breast Cancer Risk, Serial Image Analysis, and Digital Mammography

Cited by 73 publications

References 136 publications

Breast cancer risk factors and a novel measure of volumetric breast density: cross-sectional study

Breast cancer risk factors and a novel measure of volumetric breast density: cross-sectional study

Alcohol intake in adolescence and mammographic density

Wavelet-based Feature Analysis for Classification of Breast Masses from Normal Dense Tissue

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