Management of Acute Central Retinal Artery Occlusion, a “Retinal Stroke”: An Institutional Series and Literature Review

Lee, Katriel E.; Tschoe, Christine; Coffman, Stephanie; Kittel, Carol; Brown, Patrick; Vu, Quang; Fargen, Kyle M; Hayes, Bartlett H.; Wolfe, Stacey Quintero

doi:10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2020.105531

Cited by 26 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The incidence of CRAO is estimated as 1 in 100,000 patients per year and 1 in 10,000 outpatient visits. [ 1 2 ] The average age of presentation of CRAO is in the early sixties with males tending to have a higher incidence. [ 1 ] Importantly, the prognosis for overall spontaneous visual recovery in CRAO is low, as it has been found that only 17.7% of patients obtain functional visual recovery without any treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 1 2 ] The average age of presentation of CRAO is in the early sixties with males tending to have a higher incidence. [ 1 ] Importantly, the prognosis for overall spontaneous visual recovery in CRAO is low, as it has been found that only 17.7% of patients obtain functional visual recovery without any treatment. [ 3 ] Furthermore, CRAO indicates end-organ ischemia, often due to underlying atherosclerosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A review of the management of central retinal artery occlusion

Chen

Madike

Cugati

2022

Taiwan Journal of Ophthalmology

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Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO), the ocular analog of a cerebral stroke, is an ophthalmic emergency. The visual prognosis for overall spontaneous visual recovery in CRAO is low. Furthermore, the risk of future ischemic heart disease and cerebral stroke is increased due to the underlying atherosclerotic risk factors. There is currently no guideline-endorsed treatment for CRAO. This review will describe the anatomy, pathophysiology, epidemiology, and clinical features of CRAO, and investigate the current and future management strategies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of the management of central retinal artery occlusion

Chen

Madike

Cugati

2022

Taiwan Journal of Ophthalmology

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“…25,3% of CRAO patients develop stroke in 1 year. 17,18 Dyslipidaemia, hypercoagulability state, and other risk factors need to be investigated. Blood tests and vascular review should be done to prevent fellow eye occlusive disease or systemic ischaemic events.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amaurosis Fugax Preceeding Central Retinal Artery Occlusion : a Case Report

Nursalim

Sumual²,

Cietra³

et al. 2022

J. prof. medika

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Amaurosis fugax is a temporary condition characterized by transient visual loss which lasts several minutes or hours. This symptom can precede central retinal artery occlusion, which can cause permanent visual loss and bear several morbidity and mortality risks. We are reporting a case of a 59-year-old female with an unknown history related to risk factors who developed a painless vision loss in her right eye after experiencing similar symptoms for a short time. We describe the clinical features and other findings related to the diagnosis and discuss the further risk and management. Medical history, physical examination, and optical coherence tomography diagnosed acute central retinal artery occlusion. This includes a history of painless monocular vision loss, macular cherry-red spots, and papilledema. The diagnosis was confirmed by optical coherence tomography showing hyperreflectivity in the inner retinal layer, retinal edema, and hyperreflectivity in the outer retinal layer. Blood test including complete blood check, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C reactive protein, lipid profile, and inflammatory markers within normal limit. The patient was then administered to further secondary vascular occlusion prevention, including a blood test, and referred to the neurology department for further examination. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are necessary for this occlusive disease. A comprehensive examination to mitigate secondary vascular occlusion is needed to prevent morbidity and mortality.

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“…In a retrospective analysis of 91 patients that presented at our center with CRAO, only 21% of patients presented within 4 hours of symptoms, whereas 38.5% of patients presented greater than 24 hours after symptom onset [28]. Patients presented initially to ophthalmology clinics (29.7%), non-ophthalmology clinics (5.5%), or the emergency department (57.1%).…”

Section: Current Treatments For Craomentioning

confidence: 99%

Multidisciplinary Acute Care of Central Retinal Artery Occlusion with a Stroke Paradigm: A Call to Action

2021

Archives of Clinical Ophthalmology

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Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is an ophthalmologic emergency that can result in permanent vision loss. Over 25% of CRAO are associated with acute cerebral ischemia, and there are many parallels between CRAO and acute ischemic stroke. There are no definitive treatment algorithms for CRAO, however there may be opportunities to treat CRAO as an "eye stroke". Given the similarities to acute ischemic stroke, multidisciplinary involvement and stroke algorithms should be considered and tested for this disease.

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Management of Acute Central Retinal Artery Occlusion, a “Retinal Stroke”: An Institutional Series and Literature Review

Cited by 26 publications

References 31 publications

A review of the management of central retinal artery occlusion

A review of the management of central retinal artery occlusion

Amaurosis Fugax Preceeding Central Retinal Artery Occlusion : a Case Report

Multidisciplinary Acute Care of Central Retinal Artery Occlusion with a Stroke Paradigm: A Call to Action

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