Mapping of a herpes simplex virus type 2-encoded function that affects the susceptibility of herpes simplex virus-infected target cells to lysis by herpes simplex virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes

Abstract

A function(s) involved in the altered susceptibility of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2)-infected cells to specific lysis by cytotoxic T lymphocytes was mapped in the S component of HSV-2 DNA by using HSV-1 x HSV-2 intertypic recombinants (RH1G44, RS1G25, RSOBG10, A7D, and C4D) and HSV-1 MP. Target cells infected with RSOBG10, A7D, and C4D exhibited reduced levels of cytolysis, as did HSV-2-infected cells, whereas RH1G44 and RS1G25 recombinant-infected and HSV-1 MP-infected cells showed levels of lysis equal to that of HSV-1 KOS-infected cells. The intertypic recombinants R50BG10, RS1G25, RH1G44,

Effect of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 on surface expression of class I major histocompatibility complex antigens on infected cells

“…Recombinant genomes expressing regions of HSV-2 DNA other than the 0.82to 1.00-map-unit sequences exhibited a susceptibility to lysis comparable to that of HSV-1-infected cells. These results are in agreement with our previously published findings (4,5).…”

“…Despite the differential susceptibility to lysis by CTL, cells infected with the wild-type and the recombinant strains of HSV were equally susceptible to lysis mediated by polyclonal anti-HSV antibody in the presence of C' ( Table 1 [4]). This indicates that the infected cells are able to process and express viral antigens important to the humoral response to HSV infection and that the reduced susceptibility of HSV-2-infected cells to lysis by CTL is probably not due to an innate resistance of the cells to the mechanisms of immune cytolysis.…”

“…The original stocks of the HSV-1 x HSV-2 intertypic recombinants R5OBG10, RH1G44, and RS1G25 were kindly provided by B. Roizman, the University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill. The origin and genetic characteristics of these intertypic recombinants has been summarized previously (4). In addition, the HSV-1 x HSV-2 intertypic recombinant R50BG13 lAl (designated lA1) and a derivative (designated 3-3) were kindly provided by P. G. Spear, the University of Chicago.…”

“…Reduced recognition by CTL may be due to either low or inappropriate expression of a particular viral antigen that serves as the major target antigen or to a reduced or altered expression of H-2K or H-2D self-antigens or both. However, the first explanation appears to be unlikely because both HSV-1and HSV-2infected cells were equally susceptible to lysis by anti-HSV antibody and C' ( Table 1 [4,5]), and analysis of the expression of individual HSV-1-and HSV-2-specific glycoprotein species by fluorescent flow cytometry confirmed that cells infected with either virus strain expressed a full complement of viral glycoproteins on their surface. It was observed that the detectable levels of gB-2 expression were consistently lower than those of gB-1.…”

Recombinant Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Engineered for Targeted Binding to Erythropoietin Receptor-Bearing Cells

“…Finally, HSV-1 and HSV-2 mixed infections have been used to pseudotype the two viruses, which acquire the ability to infect cells by using receptors used by the pseudotyping serotype. Although HSV-1-HSV-2 recombinants have been isolated in mixed infections, they were principally used for physical mapping of glycoprotein genes in combination with type-specific cytotoxic T-cell reactivities (9) or to induce cross-reactive immunity to the two virus serotypes (51) and were not studied for targeted infectivity or altered host range.…”