Marked sex chromosomal variations between Indian and Japanese species of Physopelta (Largidae, Heteroptera)

Abstract

Some 1240 odd species of Heteroptera are estimated to be cytologically in vestigated (see Ueshima 1979, Manna 1982, 1984 of which the family Largidae after it was raised from the subfamily of Pyrrhocoridae comprised only 10 species , viz., 2 each Euryopthalmus (Piza 1946(Piza , 1953 and Largus (Wilson 1909), 1 of Lohita (as Macroceroea) (Banerjee 1958, Manna and Deb-Mallick 1981a) belonged to the subfamily Larginae and 5 species of Physopelta (vide infra) under the subfamily Physopeltinae. Largids have characteristically one pair of m-chromosomes and the general absence of the Y except in some species of Physopelta while pyrrhocorids have both, the absence of the Y and the m-pair except Iphita limbata which possesses a pair of m-chromosomes (Manna and Deb-Mallick 1981b). The present paper on the chromosomes of 4 species of Physopelta so far investigated accounts for the highly interesting difference in sex chromosome mechanism in species studied from Japan by Ueshima while all the three species studied from India by us had the com mon occurrence of the X1X2Y type of sex chromosomes in males indicating in 3 species very abrupt deviation from the pyrrhocorid-largid sex chromosome com plex and also showing more evolutionary dynamism of the sex chromosomes than autosomes in these two allied families. Materials and methodsTestes from males of 4 species of Physopelta constituted materials for the pre sent study. Thus 4 species of Physopelta cytologically known so far are as follows: 1. P. schlanbuschi (Fabr.) reinvestigated freshly from a different population at Kalyani separated by 50km from the previous place of collection (Manna 1951) agreeable to that of the earlier cytological findings (Ray-Chaudhuri and Manna 1955). 2. P. quadrigutta Bergs. were collected from Darjeeling, hill station, West Bengal at an altitude of 6,800ft. 3. P. gutta Burm. were also collected from Darjeeling in the above area. 4. P. gutta Burm. were collected from Mie, Japan and studied by Ueshima. 5. P. cincticollis Stal reinvestigated from a different population (at Mie) from the previous one (at Fukuoka) in Japan and studied by Ueshima agreeable to that

Karyotype and male meiosis in Spartocera batatas and meiotic behaviour of multiple sex chromosomes in Coreidae (Heteroptera)

“…Sex chromosome systems described in Heteroptera are simple systems of the type XY/XX (73.7% of the more than 1350 species cytogenetically analyzed) or X0/XX (14.4%), and different multiple systems (XnY/XnXn, Xn0/XnXn, XYn/XX) (11.4%); neo-systems are very rare and have only been reported in six species (0.5%) (Ueshima, 1979;Manna et al, 1985;Jacobs, 2004;Papeschi & Bressa, in press;Rebagliati et al, 2005). The multiple system Xn0/XnXn is characteristic of the family Coreidae, although it has also been described in a few species of Pyrrhocoridae (10 out of 19 species) and Notonectidae (3 out of 14 species) (Ueshima, 1979;Bressa et al, 1999Bressa et al, , 2003Angus et al, 2004).…”

“…The diploid chromosome number of the family ranges from 13 to 28 with the modal number of 2n = 21, which is present in 47 out of the 106 species cytogenetically analyzed (44.3%) ( Fig. 1) (Ueshima, 1979;Manna et al, 1985;Papeschi & Bressa, in press). The Coreidae are also characterized by a pair of m-chromosomes, which are found in 80.4% of the species.…”

Chromosomal Studies in Seven Species of Family Pentatomidae (Heteroptera)

“…Although extensive karyological investigations have been carried out in Heteroptera, the cytologically known species constitute less than 5% of the total described species of this group (MANNA et al 1985). Cytoevolutionary relationships within and between different taxa of Heteroptera have been examined, mostly on the basis of chromosome number, sex chromosome mechanisms, presence or absence of m-chromosomes and polyploidy (PARSHAD 1957d;LESTON 1957;BANERJEE 1958, ref.…”

A karyotype comparison between two species of bordered plant bugs (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Largidae) by conventional chromosome staining, C-banding and rDNA-FISH

“…From the cytogenetic point of view, Largidae is an interesting heteropteran family because of its low diploid chromosome number and the large chromosome size observed in most of the species (Ueshima 1979, Manna 1984, Manna et al 1985, this study). The six karyologically analysed species of the subfamily Larginae, Largus and Macrochraia Guérin-Méneville, 1835, are characterized by the absence of an m chromosome pair, the possession of an X0/XX sex chromosome mechanism, and a number of autosomes that varies between 10 and 14.…”

“…At present, the seven species cytogenetically studied of Largidae possess a low diploid chromosome number, ranging between 11 and 17 autosomes, a X0/XX sex chromosome system (male/female), except for one species, and a pair of m chromosomes, excluding the genus Largus Hahn, 1831 (Ueshima 1979, Manna 1984, Manna et al 1985, Mola and Papeschi 1993, Bressa et al 2005). …”