Maternal Urinary Triclosan Concentration in Relation to Maternal and Neonatal Thyroid Hormone Levels: A Prospective Study

Wang, Xu; Ouyang, Fengxiu; Feng, Liping; Wang, Xia; Liu, Zhiwei; Zhang, Jun

doi:10.1289/ehp500

Cited by 81 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…were immediately frozen and stored at −80°C for measurement of thyroid hormones. These exposure doses of TCS were set based on the exposure levels of human and wildlife [9,14] . 3-100 ng/mL was close to the levels of urinary TCS concentrations in Chinese pregnant women [9] as well as TCS levels in some rivers/lakes [3] .…”

Section: Tcs Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…These exposure doses of TCS were set based on the exposure levels of human and wildlife [9,14] . 3-100 ng/mL was close to the levels of urinary TCS concentrations in Chinese pregnant women [9] as well as TCS levels in some rivers/lakes [3] . We used DMSO as a solvent to enhance its solubility because TCS has low water solubility [15] , and the concentration of DMSO in both the experimental and control groups was 0.01%.…”

Section: Tcs Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…So far, we and others have detected TCS in urine samples of pregnant women and cord blood of newborns [7,8] . Importantly, these studies in pre-birth cohort have shown that maternal urinary TCS concentration was associated with decreased maternal and neonatal thyroid hormone levels (maternal serum FT4 and cord blood FT3) [9,10] . Besides, a study of adult zebrafish showed that TCS exposure resulted in hyperplasia of thyroid follicles [11] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Early life Exposure to Triclosan Impacted Thyroid Follicular Structure and Decreased Thyroid Hormone Levels in Zebrafish

Tang¹,

Fan²,

Yu³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Triclosan (TCS) is an antimicrobial chemical widely used in personal care products. Most of TCS is discharged into aquatic ecosystem after usage. While TCS has potential thyroid-disrupting effect, it is unknown whether early exposure to TCS affects thyroid grand and thyroid hormone levels. We used zebrafish model to examine this topic.Methods: The fertilized zebrafish eggs were exposed to TCS. We inspected hatching and mortality of larvae. The total triiodothyronine (TT3), total thyroxine (TT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), and free thyroxine (FT4) levels were measured at 7, 14 and 120 days post fertilization (dpf). Thyroid histopathological analysis was conducted at 120 dpf of zebrafish.Results: The hatching rate of embryos decreased from 95.8% in control group to 18.3% in TCS highest exposure in 3 days. In 900 ng/mL TCS exposure all larvae died within one day. With increasing concentration of TCS exposure, TT3 and FT3 level decreased after 14 days. FT4 decreased, and the height and nuclear area of thyroid follicular cell increased with TCS exposure after 120 days.Conclusions: High TCS exposure decreased the hatching rate of zebrafish embryos, and also decreased thyroid hormone levels owing to structural change of thyroid follicles. Our study raised the concern that TCS exposure in early life may profoundly affect neurodevelopment.

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Section: Tcs Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tcs Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Early life Exposure to Triclosan Impacted Thyroid Follicular Structure and Decreased Thyroid Hormone Levels in Zebrafish

Tang¹,

Fan²,

Yu³

et al. 2020

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…It is currently classified as a contaminant of emerging concerns, mainly due to its demonstrated absorption as it has been detected in breast milk, blood and urine. The substance has been associated to increased fetal testosterone levels in humans [70] and higher weight at birth. A link with gestational diabetes mellitus has been indicated but is as yet unconfirmed.…”

Section: Other Preservatives/antimicrobialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrine Disruption by Mixtures in Topical Consumer Products

Ripamonti¹,

Allifranchini²,

Todeschi³

et al. 2018

Cosmetics

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Endocrine disruption has been gathering increasing attention in the past 25 years as a possible new threat for health and safety. Exposure to endocrine disruptor has been progressively linked with a growing number of increasing disease in the human population. The mechanics through which endocrine disruptors act are not yet completely clear, however a number of pathways have been identified. A key concern is the cumulative and synergic effects that endocrine disruptors could have when mixed in consumer products. We reviewed the available literature to identify known or potential endocrine disruptors, as well as endocrine active substances that could contribute to cumulative effects, in topical consumer products. The number of endocrine actives used daily in consumer products is staggering and even though most if not all are used in concentrations that are considered to be safe, we believe that the possibility of combined effects in mixtures and non-monotonic dose/response is enough to require further precautions. A combined in vitro approach based on existing, validated OECD test methods is suggested to screen consumer products and mixtures for potential interaction with estrogen and androgen hormone receptors, in order to identify products that could have cumulative effects or support their safety concerning direct endocrine disruption capabilities.

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“…However, numerous recent epidemiological studies report detrimental TCS effects on human health, including problems with thyroid function (Wang et al, 2017), reproduction (Hua et al, 2017), and immune function and development (Wei et al, 2017;reviewed in Weatherly & Gosse, 2017). Additional recent epidemiological studies have revealed increased risks due to TCS exposure of gestational diabetes (Ouyang et al, 2018), abnormalities of sperm morphology (Jurewicz et al, 2018) and lowered cognitive test scores in children (Jackson-Browne et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial agent triclosan suppresses mast cell signaling via phospholipase D inhibition

Shim

Caron

Weatherly

et al. 2019

J of Applied Toxicology

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Humans are exposed to the antimicrobial agent triclosan (TCS) through use of TCS‐containing products. Exposed tissues contain mast cells, which are involved in numerous biological functions and diseases by secreting various chemical mediators through a process termed degranulation. We previously demonstrated that TCS inhibits both Ca2+ influx into antigen‐stimulated mast cells and subsequent degranulation. To determine the mechanism linking the TCS cytosolic Ca2+ depression to inhibited degranulation, we investigated the effects of TCS on crucial signaling enzymes activated downstream of the Ca2+ rise: protein kinase C (PKC; activated by Ca2+ and reactive oxygen species [ROS]) and phospholipase D (PLD). We found that TCS strongly inhibits PLD activity within 15 minutes post‐antigen, a key mechanism of TCS mast cell inhibition. In addition, experiments using fluorescent constructs and confocal microscopy indicate that TCS delays antigen‐induced translocations of PKCβII, PKCδ and PKC substrate myristoylated alanine‐rich C‐kinase. Surprisingly, TCS does not inhibit PKC activity or overall ability to translocate, and TCS actually increases PKC activity by 45 minutes post‐antigen; these results are explained by the timing of both TCS inhibition of cytosolic Ca2+ (~15+ minutes post‐antigen) and TCS stimulation of ROS (~45 minutes post‐antigen). These findings demonstrate that it is incorrect to assume that all Ca2+‐dependent processes will be synchronously inhibited when cytosolic Ca2+ is inhibited by a toxicant or drug. The results offer molecular predictions of the effects of TCS on other mammalian cell types, which share these crucial signal transduction elements and provide biochemical information that may underlie recent epidemiological findings implicating TCS in human health problems.

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Maternal Urinary Triclosan Concentration in Relation to Maternal and Neonatal Thyroid Hormone Levels: A Prospective Study

Cited by 81 publications

References 34 publications

Early life Exposure to Triclosan Impacted Thyroid Follicular Structure and Decreased Thyroid Hormone Levels in Zebrafish

Early life Exposure to Triclosan Impacted Thyroid Follicular Structure and Decreased Thyroid Hormone Levels in Zebrafish

Endocrine Disruption by Mixtures in Topical Consumer Products

Antimicrobial agent triclosan suppresses mast cell signaling via phospholipase D inhibition

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