Mathematical model for concentric nebulizer systems

Modified Nukiyama–Tanasawa and Rizk–Lefebvre models to predict droplet size for microconcentric nebulizers with aqueous and organic solvents

“…Several empirical models have been proposed to predict the characteristics of nebulized aerosol. 22,23,[32][33][34][35][36] The Nukiyama and Tanasawa (N-T) model predicts the D 3,2 of the aerosol, produced by a concentric nebulizer, based on the physical properties of the liquid and the nebulizer gas and solution flow rates: 33…”

“…29 However, considering that the behavior of the ICP with organic solvent introduction differs markedly from that encountered with aqueous solutions, 1,30,31 knowledge of primary aerosol properties in direct solution introduction is important in the optimization of the nebulizer design and the ICP operating condition to ultimately improve analytical figures of merit or reduce interferences. Ideally, aerosol properties should be predicted through a mathematical model, but a generalized model currently is not available, 22,23,[32][33][34][35][36] particularly for micronebulizers such as the DIHEN.…”

An experimental comparison of a kinetic model for the reaction of alpha-pinene and Delta3-carene with ozone and nitrogen oxides

“…1). The monoterpenes were injected using a nebulizer to facilitate controlled and immediate vaporization (Gustavsson, 1983). To the generated gas atmosphere O 3 , NO 2 and NO were added to concentrations between 25 and 75 p.p.b.…”

Flow injection atomic absorption spectrometry: the kinetics of instrument response

“…At constant flow-rate both Q and D r are constant and absorbance is proportional to the concentration of analyte in the hypothetical tank, so that equation (30) reduces to the form…”