Mathematical model on the effects of conductor thickness on the centre frequency at 28 GHz for the performance of microstrip patch antenna using air substrate for 5G application

A Single Plane Low profile Patch Antenna π-Shaped Slots and Low Side Lobe Level for Directive Wireless Communications

“…The gain of patch antenna has been increased and SLL of radiation pattern have been eliminated based on investigating position of both microstrip line feeder and patch without need for using ordinary techniques; which described earlier in this section, to increase antenna's gain and reduce SLL. The proposed antenna achieved gain of 5.20 dB which is higher than 4.30 dB and 4.12 dB achieved by antenna array proposed in [7], and defected patch structure proposed in [11], respectively. The proposed antenna has a radiation pattern with eliminated SLL and reduced size compared to antennas in [7][8], [16], and [19].…”

“…On the other hand this type of antenna shows many disadvantages such us being low gain antenna which suffering from high side lobe level radiation pattern with narrow operating bandwidth as well as suffering from surface currents which reduce antenna's efficiency [1][2][3]. Many research activities have been conducted during last years to improve the operating bandwidth of microstrip patch antenna as well as achieving wideband operation [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] . On the other hand many researches had shown focus on enhancing gain of microstrip patch antenna and many techniques had been developed for this issue.…”

“…Another effective technique to enhance the gain of patch antenna is etching slots from surface of radiating patch [10]. Moreover, the effects of thickness of copper of the patch on antenna's gain have been investigated to achieve better performance in general with highest gain at a certain frequency [11]. In this article a single plane low profile patch antenna with πshaped slots operates at ISM Band at 5.8 GHz has been presented.…”

Miniaturized novel quintuple-band microstrip patch antenna for K-band application

“…The effects of various conducting materials and thicknesses of middle layer of dielectric material on various antenna parameters are reported. Designed antenna achieved bandwidth of 1.72 GHz [42]. A compact high bandwidth ultrawide band MPA has reportedly achieved around 103 GHz bandwidth, using a 50-ohm tapered microstrip line, allowing catchment of different wireless applications such as worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) and wireless local area network (WLAN) [43].…”

Design and optimization of pi-slotted dual-band rectangular microstrip patch antenna using surface response methodology for 5G applications

“…Optimization algorithms and computer-aided tools are also used to optimize antenna designs and achieve desired results. In [21] , the effects of varying conductor thickness on the performance of a microstrip patch antenna were mathematically modeled and optimized, yielding an impedance bandwidth of 1.72 GHz. The artificial neural networks (ANNs) toolbox in MATLAB was used to train a model and generate the necessary data for model creation.…”