Mathematical Modeling of the Influence of the Wind Field Structure in the Atmosphere on the Cloud Formation Processes

Abstract

The state of the physics of convective clouds and cloud seeding is discussed briefly. It is noted that at the present time there is a transition from the stage of investigation of "elementary" processes in the clouds to the stage of studying the formation of macro-and microstructural characteristics of clouds as a whole, taking into account their system properties. The main directions of the development of cloud physics at the upcoming stage of its development are discussed. The paper points out that one of these areas is the determination of the structure-forming factors for the clouds and the study of their influence on their formation and evolution. It is noted that one of such factors is the interaction of clouds with their surrounding atmosphere, and the main method of studying its role in the processes of cloud formation is mathematical modeling. A three-dimensional nonstationary model of convective clouds is presented with a detailed account of the processes of thermohydrodynamics and microphysics, which is used for research. The results of modeling the influence of the wind field structure in the atmosphere on the formation and evolution of clouds are presented. It is shown that the dynamic characteristics of the atmosphere have a significant effect on the formation of macro-and microstructural characteristics of convective clouds: the more complex the structure of the wind field in the atmosphere (i.e., the more intense the interaction of the atmosphere and the cloud), the less powerful the clouds are formed.

Development of Methods of Active Influence on the Processes of Precipitation Formation in Clouds in Order to Solve Environmental and Economic Problems

“…In particular, studies have been initiated on the role of the above -mentioned factors in cloud and precipitation processes. The works of this direction include the work [8], in which the influence of the structure of the wind field in the atmosphere on the processes of cloud and precipitation formation is investigated. As for the role of process interaction in clouds in their formation and development, its study should be based on the use of special models.…”

Some results of studies of the role of the interaction of processes in convective clouds in the formation of their macro- and microstructural characteristics

“…Очевидно, что количество публикаций, посвященных результатам исследований по отмеченным направлениям, существенно ограничено. В работах [2,20] приводятся результаты моделирования роли структуры поля ветра в атмосфере в формировании грозоградовых облаков, т.е. в исследованиях рассматривался механизм взаимодействия облаков и атмосферы, который обусловлен полем ветра в атмосфере.…”

“…В модели учитываются такие микрофизические процессы, как коагуляция капель, аккреция, замерзание капель, осаждение облачных частиц в поле силы тяжести, а также их перенос воздушными потоками [20]. Система уравнений, которые описывают изменение в пространстве и во времени функций распределения по массам капель f 1 (x,z,m,t) и ледяных частиц f 2 (x,z,m,t), записывается в виде:…”