Maximizing power in seroepidemiological studies through the use of the proportional odds model

Capuano, Ana W.; Dawson, Jeffrey D.; Gray, Gregory C.

doi:10.1111/j.1750-2659.2007.00014.x

Cited by 34 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Initially, we examined risk factors for bivariate associations with MN assay results using binary logistic regression and proportional odds modeling [17]. The risk factors included: gender, age group, influenza vaccination history, seropositivity for human influenza viruses, indoor water, poultry exposure, average animal contact per year, outbreaks, heart disease, respiratory disease, ILI in the family or at work, and use of personal protective equipment.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for avian H9N2 influenza virus infections among rural villagers in Cambodia

Blair

Putnam

Krueger

et al. 2013

Journal of Infection and Public Health

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Background Southeast Asia remains a critical region for the emergence of novel and/or zoonotic influenza, underscoring the importance of extensive sampling in rural areas where early transmission is most likely to occur. Methods In 2008, 800 adult participants from eight sites were enrolled in a prospective population-based study of avian influenza (AI) virus transmission where highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 virus had been reported in humans and poultry from 2006 to 2008. From their enrollment sera and questionnaires, we report risk factor findings for serologic evidence of previous infection with 18 AI virus strains. Results Serologic assays revealed no evidence of previous infection with 13 different low-pathogenic AI viruses or with HPAI avian-like A/Cambodia/R0404050/2007(H5N1). However, 21 participants had elevated antibodies against avian-like A/Hong Kong/1073/1999(H9N2), validated with a monoclonal antibody blocking ELISA assay specific for avian H9. Conclusions Although cross-reaction from antibodies against human influenza viruses cannot be completely excluded, the study data suggest that a number of participants were previously infected with the avian-like A/Hong Kong/1073/1999(H9N2) virus, likely due to as yet unidentified environmental exposures. Prospective data from this cohort will help us better understand the serology of zoonotic influenza infection in a rural cohort in SE Asia.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for avian H9N2 influenza virus infections among rural villagers in Cambodia

Blair

Putnam

Krueger

et al. 2013

Journal of Infection and Public Health

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“…To examine bivariate risk factors associated with antibody prevalence, we dichotomized GMTs of all positive samples for different cutoff points ( > 10 to > 80) and analyzed them by χ 2 test and, for low proportions, by z -test. The distribution of antibody levels was checked for associations with multiple risk factors by using proportional odds modeling ( 23 , 24 ). Statistical analyses were performed by using SigmaStat version 3.1 (San Jose, CA, USA) and SPSS version 18 (Chicago, IL, USA).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Swine Influenza Virus Antibodies in Humans, Western Europe, 2009

Gerloff¹,

Kremer²,

Charpentier³

et al. 2011

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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Serologic studies for swine influenza viruses (SIVs) in humans with occupational exposure to swine have been reported from the Americas but not from Europe. We compared levels of neutralizing antibodies against 3 influenza viruses--pandemic (H1N1) 2009, an avian-like enzootic subtype H1N1 SIV, and a 2007-08 seasonal subtype H1N1--in 211 persons with swine contact and 224 matched controls in Luxembourg. Persons whose profession involved contact with swine had more neutralizing antibodies against SIV and pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus than did the controls. Controls also had antibodies against these viruses although exposure to them was unlikely. Antibodies against SIV and pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus correlated with each other but not with seasonal subtype H1N1 virus. Sequential exposure to variants of seasonal influenza (H1N1) viruses may have increased chances for serologic cross-reactivity with antigenically distinct viruses. Further studies are needed to determine the extent to which serologic responses correlate with infection.

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“…Next, we examined risk factors for any increase in MN titer (using the participants’ greatest increase in titers during the periods: enrollment to 12 months, 12–24 months and enrollment to 24 months) to the avian viruses by examining the entire spectrum of HI titer increase (e.g. no increase, twofold rise, fourfold rise, sixfold rise and eightfold rise) through proportional odds modeling 20 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for avian influenza A infections among Iowa’s agricultural workers

Gray

McCarthy

Capuano

et al. 2008

Influenza Resp Viruses

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Background Identifying risk factors for zoonotic influenza transmission may aid public health officials in pandemic influenza planning. Objectives We sought to evaluate rural Iowan agriculture workers exposed to poultry for previous evidence of avian influenza virus infection. Methods In 2004, we enrolled 803 rural adult Iowans in a 2‐year prospective study of zoonotic influenza transmission. Their enrollment data and sera were compared with those of 66 adult controls enrolled at the University of Iowa in 2006 by using proportional odds modeling. Results Of the 803 participants 58·8% were male with a mean age of 55·6 years. Forty‐eight percent reported previous poultry exposure. Sera were studied by microneutralization techniques for antibodies against avian H4, H5, H6, H7 and H9 viruses. Touching live birds was associated (OR 1·2; 95% CI 1·02–1·8) with increased antibody titer against H5 virus. Similarly, participants who reported hunting wild birds had increased antibody titers against H7 virus (OR 2·8; 95%CI 1·2–6·5) and subjects who reported recent exposure to poultry had increased antibody titers against H6 (OR 3·4; 95% CI 1·4–8·5) and H7 viruses (OR 2·5, 95% CI 1·1–5·7). There was no evidence of elevated antibody against avian H4 or H9 viruses. Conclusions These data suggest that hunting and exposure to poultry may be important risk factors for avian influenza virus infection among rural US populations. Agriculture workers should be included in influenza pandemic plans.

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Maximizing power in seroepidemiological studies through the use of the proportional odds model

Cited by 34 publications

References 16 publications

Evidence for avian H9N2 influenza virus infections among rural villagers in Cambodia

Evidence for avian H9N2 influenza virus infections among rural villagers in Cambodia

Swine Influenza Virus Antibodies in Humans, Western Europe, 2009

Evidence for avian influenza A infections among Iowa’s agricultural workers

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