Meal patterns of pygmy goats fed hay and concentrate ad lib

Senn, M.; Langhans, Wolfgang; Scharrer, E.

doi:10.1016/0031-9384(90)90259-7

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The much greater rate of intake of concentrate compared with hay (23.2 vs. 6.2 g/d) and the greater time spent consuming concentrate except at time of feed delivery (Figure 2) indicated that calves consumed primarily concentrate for several hours of the day. Interestingly, differences in diurnal intake of hay relative to concentrate similar to the present results were reported in goats by Senn et al (1990). In their study, goats provided hay and concentrate ad libitum consumed more hay during daylight and at the time when feed was replenished and consumed more concentrate during the night.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

“…In their study, goats provided hay and concentrate ad libitum consumed more hay during daylight and at the time when feed was replenished and consumed more concentrate during the night. Based on correlations of meal size with postmeal interval, those authors suggested that hay intake was triggered by external stimuli, such as feed delivery, but that concentrate intake was regulated by internal satiety signals (Senn et al, 1990). It is also possible that the unbalanced intake of nutrients over the course of the day in the present study may have negatively affected the rumen environment, which, in turn, influenced feeding patterns.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 67%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effect of feed presentation on feeding patterns of dairy calves

Miller-Cushon

Bergeron

Leslie

et al. 2013

Journal of Dairy Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of feed presentation on meal frequency and duration, as well as diurnal feeding patterns of dairy calves, and to assess any longer-term differences in feeding patterns resulting from previous experience. Twenty Holstein bull calves were exposed from wk 1 to 8 of life to 1 of 2 feed presentation treatments: concentrate and chopped grass hay (<2.5 cm) offered at a ratio of 7:3 as a mixture (MIX), or as separate components (COM). Feed was provided ad libitum. Calves received 8L/d of milk replacer (1.2 kg of dry matter), with the amount progressively reduced after 5 wk to facilitate weaning by the end of wk 7. At the beginning of wk 9, all calves received the MIX diet and remained on trial for an additional 3 wk. Feeding behavior was recorded from video for 4d during wk 6, 8, 9, and 11. In wk 6, calves fed MIX spent more time feeding than calves fed COM (56.7 vs. 46.8 min/d). In wk 8, calves fed MIX spent more time feeding (174.0 vs. 139.1 min/d) and had a lower rate of intake (11.5 vs. 14.7 g/min) compared with calves fed COM. Meal frequency was similar between treatments (12.2 meals/d). Diurnal feeding patterns in wk 8 were also affected by feed presentation, with calves fed MIX spending less time feeding at time of feed delivery and more time feeding throughout the rest of the daylight hours than calves fed COM. Diurnal feeding patterns of hay and concentrate in wk 8 differed for calves fed COM, with more time spent consuming hay at time of feed delivery and less time spent consuming hay throughout the rest of the day. Once calves previously fed COM were transitioned to the MIX diet in wk 9, meal frequency, meal duration, and diurnal feeding patterns were similar between treatments: both treatments spent similar amounts of time feeding (173.9 min/d) and had similar peaks in feeding activity at time of feed delivery, sunrise, and sunset. Provision of hay and concentrate to young calves as a mixed ration, compared with separate components, increases time spent feeding and results in more evenly distributed diurnal feeding patterns. However, differences in feeding patterns resulting from feed presentation did not persist after 8 wk of age, when all calves were fed a mixed ration.

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 67%

Effect of feed presentation on feeding patterns of dairy calves

Miller-Cushon

Bergeron

Leslie

et al. 2013

Journal of Dairy Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These differences in feeding time were primarily due to a much greater peak in hay feeding time than starter feeding time at the time of fresh feed delivery, whereas starter feeding time was relatively stable over the day. Our observed diurnal patterns of hay and starter feeding time are similar to results in weaned calves reported by Miller-Cushon et al (2013b) as well as findings in goats (Senn et al, 1990). Senn et al (1990) describe differences between hay and concentrate in correlations of meal size with post-meal interval among goats, suggesting that concentrate intake was primarily regulated by satiety signals, whereas hay intake was stimulated by external stimuli (such as feed delivery).…”

Section: Behaviorsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Our observed diurnal patterns of hay and starter feeding time are similar to results in weaned calves reported by Miller-Cushon et al (2013b) as well as findings in goats (Senn et al, 1990). Senn et al (1990) describe differences between hay and concentrate in correlations of meal size with post-meal interval among goats, suggesting that concentrate intake was primarily regulated by satiety signals, whereas hay intake was stimulated by external stimuli (such as feed delivery). This suggests that the motivational system for hay and starter feeding behavior may be quite different, with hay intake possibly motivated similarly to oral behaviors such as pen-directed sucking, which could explain other behavioral benefits of providing access to hay that we noted in this study.…”

Section: Behaviorsupporting

confidence: 90%

Evaluating effects of providing hay on behavioral development and performance of group-housed dairy calves

Horvath

Miller-Cushon

2019

Journal of Dairy Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Providing access to forage has been shown to influence feeding behavior and non-nutritive oral behavior in individually housed calves, and these effects may be enhanced or altered in calves reared in social housing. We evaluated the effect of hay provision on the behavioral development and performance of group-housed dairy calves. Holstein calves (n = 32) were grouphoused (4 calves per group) at 17 ± 3 (mean ± SD) d of age. All calves were provided milk replacer (8 L/d) via an automated milk feeder and pelleted starter and water ad libitum. Pens were randomly assigned to receive either chopped coastal Bermuda grass in buckets adjacent to the starter trough (starter and hay, STH; n = 4 pens), or no additional feed (starter only, ST; n = 4 pens). Calves were weaned through a 10-d stepdown program beginning at 46 d of age. Intake of solid feed and hay were recorded daily, and body weights were measured weekly. The behavior of 2 focal calves per pen was recorded continuously from video for 12 h on 2 consecutive days during each of wk 4, 6, and 7 of life, to measure solid feed intake time, grooming, and pendirected sucking. Hay provision influenced total feed intake, with calves provided hay having greater total solid feed intake in the week before weaning (0.79 vs. 0.55 kg/d, STH vs. ST, respectively; SE = 0.19). Average daily gain (ADG) was similar during the pre-weaning period but tended to be greater for STH calves during weaning. Calves in pens provided hay also had fewer unrewarded visits to the milk feeder during weaning (12.5 vs. 21.1 visits per 12 h, STH vs. ST, respectively; SE = 3.59) and performed less pen-directed sucking (9.11 vs. 19.3 min per 12 h, STH vs. ST, respectively; SE = 2.86). Self-grooming time and bout characteristics evolved differently between treatments over time, with pens of calves provided hay having a greater increase in frequency and duration of self-grooming bouts during weaning. Overall, we found that providing hay to pre-weaned calves resulted in behavioral and performance benefits, including greater total feed intake and reductions in pen-directed sucking, suggesting that access to hay may improve calf welfare.

show abstract

“…37 Factors regulating feed intake may be of different type and magnitude in dark versus light periods. A nocturnal appetite for concentrate has been observed in goats.…”

Section: Photoperiod and Rumen Nutritional Physiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Eating timing an evolutionary manager of postmodern rumen physiology and health: a review

Nikkhah¹

2011

OAAP

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Natural diurnal patterns of grazing and rumination lead intensive ruminant production. Ruminants have evolved to ruminate mostly overnight and to graze during the day, especially during sunrise, the afternoon, and sunset. Accordingly, rumen fermentation, postrumen nutrient assimilation, and peripheral metabolism possess circadian patterns. The evolutionary patterns of eating behavior and metabolism have coexisted with seasonal and circadian rhythms in animal endocrinology. Such evolutionary natural eating, ruminating, and rumen fermentation patterns have been facing remarkable improvements in milk and beef production in the last few decades. As a result, new adaptations in ruminant endocrinology and metabolism have occurred. For optimum nutrient use and rumen health, a balanced synchrony between external cues and ruminant internal physiology may be secured. Most recent discoveries suggest that in addition to feed type and amount consumed, eating timing affects postprandial intake and rumen fermentation patterns. Findings of grazing and intensively managed cows are consistent. A main discovery has been an increased eating rate in lactating dairy cows when mixed rations were presented in the evening instead of in the morning. Consequently, evening eating increased rumen volume and fermentation as well as peripheral nutrient supply shortly after feeding. New findings reveal and establish a chronoecological nature for physical and biochemical regulation of feed intake and rumen fermentation. Such quantitative insights can improve the accuracy of rumen metabolism predictions. Eating time will therefore be incorporated into postmodern nutritional programs to ensure optimal rumen function and health. Eating time will be an interface of ruminant evolution, rumen ecology, and modern ruminant farming.

show abstract

Meal patterns of pygmy goats fed hay and concentrate ad lib

Cited by 14 publications

References 17 publications

Effect of feed presentation on feeding patterns of dairy calves

Effect of feed presentation on feeding patterns of dairy calves

Evaluating effects of providing hay on behavioral development and performance of group-housed dairy calves

Eating timing an evolutionary manager of postmodern rumen physiology and health: a review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About