Measurement and Analysis of Supraharmonic Emissions in Smart Grids

Abstract

This paper describes the design of a measurement system for supraharmonic emissions in the frequency range of 2 to 150 kHz, and analyzes the measurements obtained in real grid scenarios. The measurement system is first characterized in the laboratory. The Design of Experiment approach then uses an adequate number of experiments to identify the effects and interactions of factors responsible for supraharmonic emissions. For each of these experiments, the measured supraharmonic emissions are analyzed and quantified using the fast Fourier transform. Next, this data is studied using the Analysis of Variance method, which enables identifying the critical factors that generate supraharmonic emissions in the network. The measurement and analysis results show the individual effects and interactions between these factors.

Supraharmonics in Power Grid: Identification, Standards, and Measurement Techniques

“…These auxiliaries include Rogowski coils, voltage, and current transducers with appropriate probes. Such approach is followed by [1,5,40,41]. In this context, the results in [41] were withheld to be published in an upcoming paper, which was fulfilled in [5].…”

“…As the societies at large across the globe continue to adopting solutions to address CO2 environmental concerns, the electricity grids are being transformed through (1) the everincreasing integration of renewable energy generation such as solar photovoltaic and wind energy generation, (2) the electrification of the transportation sector requiring battery charging technologies, (3) the forthcoming distributed energy storage revolution, (4) the use of electrical motor drives toward gaining efficiency, (5) the conversion of lighting loads from being typically resistive ones to now being LED based, (6) the explosion of other nonlinear type loads such as data power centers, and (7) the availability of batterypowered equipment for household applications such as robots for cleaning and grass cutting, drones, and others.…”

“…Therefore, different researches have been conducted in recent years to identify, measure, and mitigate this new high-frequency phenomenon to ensure the grid feeding with a pure wave of current and voltage [2]. For instance, the authors in [3] have proposed a new tool to identify the SH in the smart grid as a new power quality issue. In this regard and due to the occurrence of high SH emission, multiple effects, such as impairments or malfunctions of household devices, capacitor overheating, interloping with power line communication (PLC), and electromagnetic incompatibility, have been highly observed recently.…”

“…In this regard and due to the occurrence of high SH emission, multiple effects, such as impairments or malfunctions of household devices, capacitor overheating, interloping with power line communication (PLC), and electromagnetic incompatibility, have been highly observed recently. In addition to the power quality deterioration in the power network, the lifetime of electrical appliances becomes shorter because additional thermal stress is injected into these devices caused by the SH emissions [4,5].…”

Traceable measurements of harmonic (2 to 150) kHz emissions in smart grids: uncertainty calculation

“…Both the method and the measurement system were used on Concept Grid, a French platform designed to study the new smart grid equipment. Details about the design of experiments and the mea-surement results are given in the PhD thesis (Amaripadath, 2019). The present paper focuses on the measurement system and its metrological characterization providing more details with respect to Istrate et al (2020).…”