Measurements of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) During POPCORN 1994: Applying a New On-Line GC—MS-Technique

Müller, Klaus-Peter; Ratte, Monika; Rudolph, J.

doi:10.1007/978-94-017-0813-5_4

Cited by 18 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…There are a variety of aldehydes which have been measured for which the corresponding PAN has not yet been detected in the atmosphere (McClenny et al, 1998;Wedel, et al, 1998;Grossman, et al, 2003). For example, significant levels of nonanal have been measured in air impacted by biogenic emissions (Yokouchi, et al, 1990;Bowman, et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Total Peroxy Nitrates (ΣPNs) in the atmosphere: the Thermal Dissociation-Laser Induced Fluorescence (TD-LIF) technique and comparisons to speciated PAN measurements

et al. 2010

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Abstract. Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) and its chemical analogues are increasingly being quantified in the ambient atmosphere by thermal dissociation (TD) followed by detection of either the peroxyacyl radical or the NO 2 product. Here we present details of the technique developed at University of California, Berkeley which detects the sum of all peroxynitrates ( PNs) via laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) of the NO 2 product. We review the various deployments and compare the Berkeley PNs measurements with the sums of PAN and its homologue species detected individually by other instruments. The observed TD-LIF PNs usually agree to within 10% with the summed individual species, thus arguing against the presence of significant concentrations of unmeasured PAN-type compounds in the atmosphere, as suggested by some photochemical mechanisms. Examples of poorer agreement are attributed to a sampling inlet design that is shown to be inappropriate for high NO x conditions. Interferences to the TD-LIF measurements are described along with strategies to minimize their effects.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Total Peroxy Nitrates (ΣPNs) in the atmosphere: the Thermal Dissociation-Laser Induced Fluorescence (TD-LIF) technique and comparisons to speciated PAN measurements

et al. 2010

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“…Helmig et al, 1996;Rappenglück et al, 1998;Wedel et al, 1998). However, conventional GC often fails to separate components in complex samples to a satisfactory degree, being limited by the separation power of a single column.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC × GC) measurements of volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere

et al. 2003

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Abstract.During the MINOS campaign in August 2001 comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC) was applied to the in situ measurements of atmospheric volatile organic compounds (VOCs) at the Finokalia ground station, Crete. The measurement system employs a thermal desorption unit for on-line sampling and injection, and a GC×GC separation system equipped with a flame ionization detector (FID) for detection. The system was optimized to resolve C 7 − C 14 organic components. Two-dimensional chromatograms from measurements of Finokalia air samples show several hundred wellseparated peaks. To facilitate peak identification, cartridge samples collected at Finokalia were analyzed using the same GC×GC system coupled with a time-of-flight mass spectrometer (TOF-MS). The resulting mass spectra were deconvoluted and compared to spectra from a database for tentative peak identification. About 650 peaks have been identified in the two-dimensional plane, with significant signal/noise ratios (>100) and high spectra similarities (>800). By comparing observed retention indices with those found in the literature, 235 of the identifications have been confirmed. 150 of the confirmed compounds show up in the C 7 − C 14 range of the chromatogram from the in situ measurement. However, at least as many peaks remain unidentified. For quantification of the GC×GC measurements, peak volumes of measured compounds have been integrated and externally calibrated using a standard gas mixture.

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“…A common method for simultaneous measurements of many VOCs is to use capillary gas chromatography (GC), in combination with a flame ionization detector (FID) or a mass spectrometer (MS) (e.g. Helmig et al, 1996;Rappenglück et al, 1998;Wedel et al, 1998). However, conventional GC, being limited by the separation power of single column, often fails to separate components in complex samples to a satisfactory degree.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GC×GC measurements of C<sub>7</sub>-C<sub>11</sub> aromatic and n-alkane hydrocarbons on Crete, in air from Eastern Europe during the MINOS campaign

Williams

Plaß-Dülmer

et al. 2003

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. During the Mediterranean Intensive OxidantStudy (MINOS) campaign in August 2001 gas-phase organic compounds were measured using comprehensive twodimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC) at the Finokalia ground station, Crete. In this paper, C 7 −C 11 aromatic and n-alkane measurements are presented and interpreted. The mean mixing ratios of the hydrocarbons varied from 1±1 pptv (i-propylbenzene) to 43±36 pptv (toluene). The observed mixing ratios showed strong day-to-day variations and generally higher levels during the first half of the campaign. Mean diel profiles showed maxima at local midnight and late morning, and minima in the early morning and evening. Results from analysis using a simplified box model suggest that both the chemical sink (i.e. reaction with OH) and the variability of source strengths were the causes of the observed variations in hydrocarbon mixing ratios. The logarithms of hydrocarbon concentrations were negatively correlated with the OH concentrations integral over a day prior to the hydrocarbon measurements. Slopes of the regression lines derived from these correlations for different compounds are compared with literature rate constants for their reactions with OH. The slopes for most compounds agree reasonably well with the literature rate constants. A sequential reaction model has been applied to the interpretation of the relationship between ethylbenzene and two of its potential products, i.e. acetophenone and benzeneacetaldehyde. campaign are estimated using the sequential reaction model and related data. They lie in the range of about 0.5-2.5 days.

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Measurements of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) During POPCORN 1994: Applying a New On-Line GC—MS-Technique

Cited by 18 publications

References 27 publications

Total Peroxy Nitrates (ΣPNs) in the atmosphere: the Thermal Dissociation-Laser Induced Fluorescence (TD-LIF) technique and comparisons to speciated PAN measurements

Total Peroxy Nitrates (ΣPNs) in the atmosphere: the Thermal Dissociation-Laser Induced Fluorescence (TD-LIF) technique and comparisons to speciated PAN measurements

Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC × GC) measurements of volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere

GC×GC measurements of C<sub>7</sub>-C<sub>11</sub> aromatic and n-alkane hydrocarbons on Crete, in air from Eastern Europe during the MINOS campaign

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Measurements of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) During POPCORN 1994: Applying a New On-Line GC—MS-Technique

Cited by 18 publications

References 27 publications

Total Peroxy Nitrates (ΣPNs) in the atmosphere: the Thermal Dissociation-Laser Induced Fluorescence (TD-LIF) technique and comparisons to speciated PAN measurements

Total Peroxy Nitrates (ΣPNs) in the atmosphere: the Thermal Dissociation-Laser Induced Fluorescence (TD-LIF) technique and comparisons to speciated PAN measurements

Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC × GC) measurements of volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere

GC×GC measurements of C&lt;sub&gt;7&lt;/sub&gt;-C&lt;sub&gt;11&lt;/sub&gt; aromatic and n-alkane hydrocarbons on Crete, in air from Eastern Europe during the MINOS campaign

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GC×GC measurements of C<sub>7</sub>-C<sub>11</sub> aromatic and n-alkane hydrocarbons on Crete, in air from Eastern Europe during the MINOS campaign