Measuring coronary artery calcification: Is serum vitamin D relevant?

Malik, Rehan; Aneni, Ehimen; Roberson, Lara; Ogunmoroti, Oluseye; Ali, Shozab S; Shaharyar, Sameer; Younus, Adnan; Jamal, Omar; Aziz, Muhammad; Martin, Seth S.; Blaha, Michael J.; Feldman, Theodore; Agatston, Arthur S.; Veledar, Emir; Nasir, Khurram

doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.10.087

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In accordance with our study, a recent systemic review included ten studies (three longitudinal and seven cross-sectional in design) found insufficient evidence to support a consistent association between low vitamin D levels and CACS [28].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Association of Vitamin D Level and Subclinical Coronary Artery Disease

Darabian¹

2016

J Nutr Disorders Ther

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We retrospectively enrolled 7980 patients (39.9% female) who visited an outpatient cardiology clinic and had their vitamin D evaluated, in the period from 2005 to 2012, at the Cardiovascular Medical Group of Southern California (Beverly Hills, California). Out of those, we included 303 patients who underwent CACS scanning within three months of the date of serum vitamin collection. Exclusion criteria were prior coronary interventions (coronary stents or coronary artery bypass grafts). Average age was 61.8 ± 11.8 years. All patients had clinical demographics, cardiac risk factors (including hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, current smoking, and family history of CVD), medication history, laboratory values, and CACS reports obtained

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Association of Vitamin D Level and Subclinical Coronary Artery Disease

Darabian¹

2016

J Nutr Disorders Ther

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“…There have existed several explanations for the contribution of 25-OH vitamin D to cardiovascular health. As noted, 25-OH vitamin D deficiency is associated with increased vascular stiffness and inflammation, [ 13 , 28 ] impaired endothelial function, [ 28 , 29 ] increased coronary calcification, [ 30 ] and increased insulin resistance. [ 31 ] These may be the underlying mechanisms of vitamin D deficiency associated with higher risk of CHD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modification of the association between smoking status and severity of coronary stenosis by vitamin D in patients suspected of coronary heart disease

Yang

Wang

et al. 2016

Medicine

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Given both smoking and vitamin D are associated with coronary heart disease (CHD) via inflammation and smoking may interfere with the local antiinflammatory effects of vitamin D. We hypothesized that the relationship between smoking and severity of CHD may be modified by vitamin D.A cross-sectional study was conducted. 25-OH vitamin D values were determined in 348 consecutive patients (mean age 62.4 ± 10.5 years; 56.3% male) undergoing coronary angiography at the Heart Center of Chaoyang Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University between the period of September 2014 and May 2015. We categorized the patients into 2 groups based on 25-OH vitamin D levels, that is, severe hypovitaminosis D (25-OH vitamin D < 10 ng/mL) and higher vitamin D (25-OH vitamin D > = 10 ng/mL). Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) of severe coronary stenosis or higher Gensini score across three smoking status, that is, never smokers, former smokers, and current smokers in severe hypovitaminosis D and higher vitamin D groups, respectively.Of these patients, we identified 212 (60.9%) cases of severe CHD and 161 (46.3%) cases of severe hypovitaminosis D. Multivariable logistic regression model showed the ORs of severe CHD were 1.94 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.47, 7.98) for former smokers and 2.62 (95% CI: 0.83, 8.24) for current smokers, compared with never smokers in group with severe hypovitaminosis D (P-trend = 0.005). In contrast, smoking was not found to be significantly associated with severe CHD in group with higher 25-OH vitamin D (P-trend = 0.115). We found a significant interaction between smoking status and vitamin D on presence of severe CHD (P-interaction = 0.015). In terms of Gensini score as a dependent variable, similar results were identified.Our finding indicated the association between smoking and severity of CHD appeared to be substantially stronger among patients with severe hypovitaminosis D as compared with those with higher vitamin D levels. This suggests vitamin D sufficiency may have a protective effect against the damaging effects of smoking on coronary artery. Future cohort studies are warranted to confirm this finding.

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“…This observation was made in dialysis patients where a U-shape curve has been noticed, where low serum vitamin D levels, as well as high levels, are associated with vascular calcification [13,50,51]. However, other authors have postulated that there is insufficient evidence to support a consistent association between low vitamin D levels and coronary artery calcium (CAC) [55], or that there is definitely no association between low 25(OH)D and CAC, or severely obstructive coronary artery stenosis [56]. Nevertheless, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the CYP24A1 gene, associated with vitamin D metabolism, have been independently linked with coronary artery calcification [57].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D and its effects on cardiovascular diseases: a comprehensive review

Pérez-Hernández

Aptilon-Duque

Nostroza-Hernández

et al. 2016

Korean J Intern Med

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Vitamin D is a molecule that is actively involved in multiple metabolic pathways. It is mostly known for its implications related to calcium metabolism. It has also been determined that it actively participates in the cardiovascular system, influencing blood pressure, coronary artery disease and other vascular diseases, such as heart failure and atrial fibrillation. Furthermore, it has been established that this vitamin is extensively involved in the regulation of both the renin angiotensin aldosterone system and the immune system. In this review, we present the different vitamin D metabolic pathways associated with the cardiovascular pathophysiology, and we include studies in animal and human models, as well as some of the controversies found in the literature. This review also incorporates an overview of the implications in the molecular biology and public health fields.

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Measuring coronary artery calcification: Is serum vitamin D relevant?

Cited by 17 publications

References 25 publications

Association of Vitamin D Level and Subclinical Coronary Artery Disease

Association of Vitamin D Level and Subclinical Coronary Artery Disease

Modification of the association between smoking status and severity of coronary stenosis by vitamin D in patients suspected of coronary heart disease

Vitamin D and its effects on cardiovascular diseases: a comprehensive review

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