Mechanical and electrical properties of hybrid honeycomb sandwich structure for spacecraft structural applications

Shifa, Madni; Tariq, Fatima; Chandio, Ali Dad

doi:10.1177/1099636219830783

Cited by 29 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…[10] In recent past nanoparticles especially carbon allotropes, for example, carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibers, carbon nanodiamond particles, and graphene nanosheets have been proved to be catalyst for the enhancement of the strength of FRPs. [11][12][13][14] Among those, graphene nanosheets are ranked higher due to their high surface area with exceptional strength and stiffness along with outstanding electrical and thermal properties. [15,16] As a result, a range of thermoplastic and thermoset polymers have been reinforced with graphene nanosheets to produce nanocomposites with enhanced mechanical strength for different applications, including epoxy, phenolic, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyaniline, and polymethylmethacrylate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoparticles enhanced interfaces of Glass fiber laminate aluminum reinforced epoxy (GLARE) fiber metal laminates

Rauf

Khurram²,

Hussain³

et al. 2021

Polymer Composites

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Fiber metal laminates (FMLs) based on unidirectional glass fabric and aluminum alloy 7075-T6 sheet bonded with 5052 epoxy, were prepared by vacuum molding followed by hand layup method. Interface of metal-adhesive was improved by a series of surface treatments of aluminum sheets, which increased the surface roughness (Ra) of aluminum from 227 to 1067 nm.Matrix was modified by incorporation of graphene nanosheets (GNs) and nanodiamonds (NDs). In-order to optimize the quantity of nanoreinforcements three different proportions were used, that is, 0.5, 1, and 1.5 wt %, inclusive of equal proportions of GNs and NDs. For comparison, pristine epoxy based FMLs were also fabricated. Synergetic effect of GNs and NDs improved the tensile strength by 25%, inter laminar shear strength (ILSS) 46%, and fracture toughness 70%, by combination of GNs and NDs up to 0.5 wt%.Surface roughness test and water drop contact angle test were performed to evaluate the surface roughness of aluminum, while the microscopic analysis was conducted to observe the fracture behavior of FMLs. Finite element method (FEM) for numerical validation of experimental results was also performed. From the results, it was concluded that combination of aluminum surface treatment and matrix modification improved the overall performance of FMLs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoparticles enhanced interfaces of Glass fiber laminate aluminum reinforced epoxy (GLARE) fiber metal laminates

Rauf

Khurram²,

Hussain³

et al. 2021

Polymer Composites

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“…In this vein, sandwich composite materials offer a lightweight but stiff structure that appear to be an ideal substitute for existing heliostat mirrors and their supporting trusses [16][17][18]. Sandwich composites have been extensively adopted in the motorsport, construction, marine and aerospace industries [19][20][21][22] (applications where reducing weight whilst maintaining the stiffness is of key importance) due to their comparatively low-cost, high strength-to-weight ratio, corrosion-resistance and good energy-absorbing capabilities [23][24][25][26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial Neural Network–Particle Swarm Optimization (ANN-PSO) Approach for Behaviour Prediction and Structural Optimization of Lightweight Sandwich Composite Heliostats

2021

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The necessity to diminish the heliostats’ cost so that central tower concentrating solar power (CSP) systems can stride to the forefront to become the technology of choice for generating renewable electricity is obliging the industry to consider innovative designs, leading to new materials being implemented into the development of heliostats. Honeycomb sandwich composites offer a lightweight but stiff structure that appear to be an ideal substitute for existing heliostat mirrors and their steel supporting trusses, avoiding large drive units and reducing energy consumption. However, realizing a honeycomb sandwich composite as a heliostat, among a multitude of possible combinations can be tailored from, that delivers the best trade-off between the panel’s weight reduction (broadly equates to cost) and structural integrity is cumbersome and challenging due to the complex nonlinear material behaviour, along with the large number of design variables and performance constraints. We herein offer a simulation–optimization model for behaviour prediction and structural optimization of lightweight honeycomb sandwich composite heliostats utilizing artificial neural network (ANN) technique and particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. Considering various honeycomb core configurations and several loading conditions, a thorough investigation was carried out to optimally choose the training algorithm, number of neurons in the hidden layer, activation function in a network and the suitable swarm size that delivers the best performance for convergence and processing time. Carried out for three case scenarios, each with different design requirements, the results showed that the proposed integrated ANN-PSO approach provides a useful, flexible and time-efficient tool for heliostat designers to predict and optimize the structural performance of honeycomb sandwich composite-based heliostats as per desired requirements. Knowing that heliostats in the field are not all subjected to the same wind conditions, this method offers flexibility to tailor heliostats independently, allowing them to be made lighter depending on the local wind speed in the field. This could lead to reductions in the size of drive units used to track the heliostat, and the foundations required to support these structures. Such reductions would deliver real cost savings, which are currently an impediment to the wider spread use of CSP systems.

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“…The length of nanotube ranges from nanometers, through millimeters, up to several centimeters [16]. The popularity of carbon nanotubes applications can be demonstrated by their usage not only for nanocomposites [17,18] but also in many fields-for example, drug delivery systems [19], functional fabrics production [20], medicine [21], electronics [22], solar energy systems [23], road constructions [24], and even spacecrafts [25]. There is a quick and simple method to synthesize doped silica composites-mix an organic additive with one of the precursors (for example tetraethyl orthosilicate) followed by the sol-gel reaction assisted with acid or base catalysis [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Properties of Silica–MWCNTs/PDMS Composite Coatings Deposited on Plasma Activated Glass Supports

et al. 2021

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In this paper, we focus on fabrication and physicochemical properties investigations of silica–multiwalled carbon nanotubes/poly(dimethylsiloxane) composite coatings deposited on the glass supports activated by cold plasma. Air or argon was used as the carrier gas in the plasma process. Multiwalled carbon nanotubes were modified with poly(dimethylsiloxane) in order to impart their hydrophobicity. The silica–multiwalled carbon nanotubes/poly(dimethylsiloxane) nanocomposite was synthesized using the sol–gel technique with acid-assisted tetraethyl orthosilicate hydrolysis. The stability and the zeta potential of the obtained suspension were evaluated. Then, the product was dried and used as a filler in another sol–gel process, which led to the coating application via the dip-coating method. The substrates were exposed to the hexamethyldisilazane vapors in order to improve their hydrophobicity. The obtained surfaces were characterized by the wettability measurements and surface free energy determination as well as optical profilometry, scanning electron microscopy, and transmittance measurements. In addition, the thermal analyses of the carbon nanotubes as well as coatings were made. It was found that rough and hydrophobic coatings were obtained with a high transmittance in the visible range. They are characterized by the water contact angle larger than 90 degrees and the transmission at the level of 95%. The X-ray diffraction studies as well as scanning electron microscopy images confirmed the chemical and structural compositions of the coatings. They are thermally stable at the temperature up to 250 °C. Moreover, the thermal analysis showed that the obtained composite material has greater thermal resistance than the pure nanotubes.

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Mechanical and electrical properties of hybrid honeycomb sandwich structure for spacecraft structural applications

Cited by 29 publications

References 23 publications

Nanoparticles enhanced interfaces of Glass fiber laminate aluminum reinforced epoxy (GLARE) fiber metal laminates

Nanoparticles enhanced interfaces of Glass fiber laminate aluminum reinforced epoxy (GLARE) fiber metal laminates

Artificial Neural Network–Particle Swarm Optimization (ANN-PSO) Approach for Behaviour Prediction and Structural Optimization of Lightweight Sandwich Composite Heliostats

Surface Properties of Silica–MWCNTs/PDMS Composite Coatings Deposited on Plasma Activated Glass Supports

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