Mechanical and tribological behaviours of aluminium hybrid composites reinforced by CDA-B 4 C

Mishra

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L:

2021

ZA-27 hybrid metal matrix composites reinforced with lamb bone ash (LBA) and boron carbide (B4C) were fabricated by employing stir casting route. Single-reinforced composite with 5 wt.% of LBA and hybrid composites reinforced with LBA/B4C in the ratio of (3.75:1.25, 2.5:2.5, 1.25:3.75) were developed. Composites were processed as per ASTM standards and subjected to physical characterization (density and porosity), microstructural characterization, and mechanical characterization (hardness, compressive strength, tensile strength, and impact strength). Microstructural studies of ZA-27 composites using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) revealed the uniform dispersion of reinforcements. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) of the developed composites confirmed the existence of LBA and B4C particles in the matrix. The density of the composites declined, and porosity increased with the increment in B4C wt.% compared with base alloy. Mechanical properties like hardness, compressive strength, and tensile strength improved significantly in the case of hybrid composites than single-reinforced composite. Hardness, compressive strength and tensile strength of the hybrid composites increased to a maximum of 41.12%, 24.40%, 61.08% respectively compared to the base alloy, whereas single-reinforced composite showed maximum improvement of 19.26% (hardness), 11.16% (compressive strength), and 28.38% (tensile strength) compared to the base alloy. Ductility of the composites decreased with the addition of reinforcements. Impact strength of the composites showed a marginal reduction; however, the reduction was higher in the single-reinforced composite than hybrid reinforced composites. Fractured morphology showed dimples, cracks, tear ridges, and voids.

Section: Mechanical Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Microstructural and mechanical characterization of lamb bone ash and boron carbide reinforced ZA-27 hybrid metal matrix composites

Mishra

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L:

2021

“…Boron carbide was also used for cow dung ash (CDA) reinforced aluminum composites, as shown in Manikandan and Arjunan [ 3 ]. Both additives were used in weight percentages of 0–7.5 wt %.…”

Section: Agricultural Waste Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The addition of at least two reinforcements and thus the production of a hybrid composite is intended to enhance the mechanical and tribological properties compared to the materials reinforced with a single type of filler. The main disadvantage of this type of composites is often a reduction in ductility and an increase in brittleness of the composite [ 3 ]. On the other hand, many researchers primarily use polymer matrices to create composites reinforced with waste materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tribological Performance of Composites Reinforced with the Agricultural, Industrial and Post-Consumer Wastes: A Review

Sydow

Wojciechowski

et al. 2021

Materials

Waste management is still one of the leading global challenges in the 21st century. From the European Union’s point of view, the Waste Framework Directive obliges businesses and households to recycle at least 55% of their municipal waste by 2025 and to reach 65% in 2035. Hence there is a great need to seek new solutions for the reuse of various waste materials. One of the most widely used wastes is their utilization as fillers or reinforcements in the metal- or polymer-based composites. The reuse of wastes for the production of tribological materials gives not only environmental benefits related to the transformation of waste into raw materials but also may improve the mechanical and tribological properties of such materials. Moreover, the use of waste reduces the production costs resulting from the lower price of filler materials and longer service life of developed products. The purpose of the current review is, therefore, aimed at the evaluation of the reuse of agricultural, industrial and postconsumer wastes as reinforcements in the composites used for tribological applications. The tribological performance (wear rate, coefficient of friction) of both monolithic and hybrid composites reinforced with waste materials was a particular subject of interest in this review.

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E:

“…Manikandan and Arjunan 9 studied the wear behaviour of (Al/B 4 C/CDA) hybrid composite and stated that the co-efficient of friction decreased due to the presence of B 4 C and cow dunk ash (CDA). During wear, the soft CDA elements act as a solid lubricant which can reduce the coefficient of friction (COF).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on tribological behaviour of aluminium hybrid composites strengthened with novel groundnut shell ash and boron carbide

Venkatesh¹,

Arulraj²,

Kumar

2022

The current study reveals the dry sliding wear behaviour of novel groundnut shell ash and boron carbide (B4C) reinforced hybrid aluminium matrix composite fabricated through the squeeze casting process. The experiments were carried out on the basis of Taguchi's L27 (3)13 orthogonal array and optimization by genetic algorithm. The input parameters namely reinforcement percentage (wt.%), applied load (20, 30, 40 N), sliding speed (1, 2, 3 m/s) and wear rate, coefficient of friction as a measurable response. The findings of the analysis of variance revealed that the reinforcing percentage was the most important parameter in evaluating hybrid composite wear behaviour. The wear rate and coefficient of friction decrease while increasing the weight percentage of B4C but increase with the addition of groundnut shell ash. The wear resistance of (Al/2.5GSA/7.5B4C) hybrid composite showed more than 50% improvement compared to the base alloy. Worn-out surface morphology was reported with the occurrence of fine groove, delamination and cracks. The prepared hybrid composites show enhanced mechanical and wear resistance suitable for automobile engine brackets, cylinders, pistons etc. The environmentally friendly groundnut shell ash has the ability to function as reinforcement for the growth of composites.