Microstructural and mechanical characterization of lamb bone ash and boron carbide reinforced ZA-27 hybrid metal matrix composites

Abstract

ZA-27 hybrid metal matrix composites reinforced with lamb bone ash (LBA) and boron carbide (B4C) were fabricated by employing stir casting route. Single-reinforced composite with 5 wt.% of LBA and hybrid composites reinforced with LBA/B4C in the ratio of (3.75:1.25, 2.5:2.5, 1.25:3.75) were developed. Composites were processed as per ASTM standards and subjected to physical characterization (density and porosity), microstructural characterization, and mechanical characterization (hardness, compressive strength, tensile strength, and impact strength). Microstructural studies of ZA-27 composites using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) revealed the uniform dispersion of reinforcements. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) of the developed composites confirmed the existence of LBA and B4C particles in the matrix. The density of the composites declined, and porosity increased with the increment in B4C wt.% compared with base alloy. Mechanical properties like hardness, compressive strength, and tensile strength improved significantly in the case of hybrid composites than single-reinforced composite. Hardness, compressive strength and tensile strength of the hybrid composites increased to a maximum of 41.12%, 24.40%, 61.08% respectively compared to the base alloy, whereas single-reinforced composite showed maximum improvement of 19.26% (hardness), 11.16% (compressive strength), and 28.38% (tensile strength) compared to the base alloy. Ductility of the composites decreased with the addition of reinforcements. Impact strength of the composites showed a marginal reduction; however, the reduction was higher in the single-reinforced composite than hybrid reinforced composites. Fractured morphology showed dimples, cracks, tear ridges, and voids.

Mechanical Properties of Bone Particulate and E-Glass Fiber Reinforced Hybrid Polymer Composite

“…Stir casting was used to make zinc-aluminum alloy (ZA-27) hybrid metal matrix composites reinforced with lamb bone ash (LBA) and boron carbide (B 4 C). In comparison with single-reinforced composites, mechanical properties such as hardness, compressive strength, and tensile strength improved significantly in hybrid composites [21]. E-glass fibers are the most extensively utilized fibrous reinforcement by many orders of magnitude.…”

Investigating the Microstructural and Mechanical Properties of Novel Ternary Reinforced AA7075 Hybrid Metal Matrix Composite

“…The hardness and tensile strength of AA6351/SiC were reported to increase by 21% and 18%, respectively, compared to the AA6351/RHA composite. Singh et al [ 30 ] fabricated ZA-27 hybrid metal matrix composites reinforced with lamb bone ash (LBA) and boron carbide (B 4 C) using the stir casting approach. They reported an increase in the tensile strength, compressive strength, and hardness of the HMMCs to the maximum value of 61.08%, 24.40%, and 41.12%, respectively, in comparison to its base alloy.…”

Sliding wear characteristics of Boron Carbide and novel Squid Quill Ash reinforced Aluminium 6061 hybrid composites

“…As the percentage of cow horn increased the hardness value of the hybrid composites decreased. Zinc-Aluminium (ZA27) alloy reinforced with lamb bone ash (LBA) and Boron Carbide (B 4 C) showed better tensile, hardness, and compressive strength as compared to base alloy [16]. The density of the composites reduced by incorporating LBA particles.…”