Mechanical Characterization and In Vitro Assay of Biocompatible Titanium Alloys

Baltatu, Iustinian; Sandu, Andrei Victor; Vlad, Maria; Spataru, Mihaela Claudia; Vizureanu, Petrică; Bălțatu, Mădălina Simona

doi:10.3390/mi13030430

Cited by 26 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The Ti6Al4V alloy is a common material used for orthopedic prostheses due to its good mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and corrosion resistance [ 21 , 22 , 23 ], and new titanium alloy materials have been continuously developed [ 24 , 25 , 26 ]. The Ti6Al4V alloy is one of the most commonly used titanium alloys in medical field.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Weevils, beetle shells, and butterfly wings are examples of porous structures found in nature [6]. Porous structures have the characteristics of The Ti6Al4V alloy is a common material used for orthopedic prostheses due to its good mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and corrosion resistance [21][22][23], and new titanium alloy materials have been continuously developed [24][25][26]. The Ti6Al4V alloy is one of the most commonly used titanium alloys in medical field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design of a Novel Trabecular Acetabular Cup and Selective Laser Melting Fabrication

et al. 2022

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The acetabular cups used in total hip arthroplasty are mostly made of dense metal materials with an elastic moduli much higher than that of human bone. This leads to stress shielding after implantation, which may cause aseptic loosening of the implant. Selective laser melting (SLM) technology allows us to produce tiny and complex porous structures and to reduce the elastic moduli of dense metals, thereby avoiding stress shielding. In the present study, rhombic dodecahedron porous structures with cell sizes of 1 mm, 1.5 mm, and 2 mm were designed. The strut diameter was changed to ensure that the porosity and pore size would meet the bone ingrowth requirements. Then, porous Ti6Al4V alloy specimens were printed using SLM, and compressive tests were carried out. The results showed that the compressive strength and elastic modulus values of the specimens with a cell size of 1.5 mm were in the range of 78.16–242.94 MPa and 1.74–4.17 GPa, respectively, which are in line with the mechanical properties of human cortical bone. Finite element analysis of a total hip joint model was carried out to simulate gait, and the surface of the trabecular acetabular cup was divided into 10 regions according to the stress distribution, with the stress interval in the range of 37.44–219.24 MPa. According to the compression test results, the gradient structure of Ti6Al4V alloy with different porosity was designed for trabecular coating. The gradient porous structure meets the mechanical requirements and is closer to the natural structure of human bone than the uniformly distributed porous structure.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a Novel Trabecular Acetabular Cup and Selective Laser Melting Fabrication

et al. 2022

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“…In this review, the authors describe the effect of TiO 2 , prepared by the anodic oxidation of TiNbSn alloys with acetic acid, sulfuric acid, and sodium tartrate to improve the osseointegration and antibacterial effects due to photocatalytic activity. Efforts to develop high-performance titanium alloys with low Young’s modulus, corrosion resistance, and high biocompatibility that are promising for clinical applications have been reported [ 84 , 85 , 86 , 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 ]. Among the new high-performance titanium alloys, TiNbSn alloys, which combine low Young’s modulus with high strength, have already achieved clinical applications.…”

Section: Future Research Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Anodized TiNbSn Alloys for Improvement in Layer Quality and Application to Orthopedic Implants

2022

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Titanium alloys are useful for application in orthopedic implants. However, complications, such as prosthetic infections and aseptic loosening, often occur after orthopedic devices are implanted. Therefore, innovation in surface modification techniques is essential to develop orthopedic materials with optimal properties at the biomaterial–bone interface. In this review, we present recent research on the improvement in the osteoconductivity and antibacterial effect of the Ti-33.6% Nb-4% Sn (TiNbSn) alloy by anodic oxidation and other related studies. TiNbSn alloys are excellent new titanium alloys with a low Young’s modulus, high tensile strength, and with gradient functional properties such as a thermally adjustable Young’s modulus and strength. Titanium dioxide (TiO2), when obtained by the anodic oxidation of a TiNbSn alloy, improves bone affinity and provides antibacterial performance owing to its photocatalytic activity. The safety of TiO2 and its strong bonding with metal materials make its method of preparation a promising alternative to conventional methods for improving the surface quality of orthopedic implants. Implementing anodization technology for TiNbSn alloys may alleviate orthopedic surgery-related complications, such as loosening, stress shielding, and infection after arthroplasty.

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“…In fact, AM lattice structures exhibit a tunable bone-mimicking mechanical behavior in terms of Young’s modulus and fatigue strength as well as a bone-like mass transport behavior [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ]. In particular, the possibility of tailoring its stiffness, reducing the mismatch between the implant and bone tissue, together with the compatibility with new titanium alloys (i.e., β-Ti alloys), guarantee a lower risk of stress shielding, implant loosening, and adjacent bone degeneration [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ]. Nonetheless, for a proper prosthetic device design, it is imperative to consider the biological-related features that a bone TE scaffold should have.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid Ti6Al4V/Silk Fibroin Composite for Load-Bearing Implants: A Hierarchical Multifunctional Cellular Scaffold

et al. 2022

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Despite the tremendous technological advances that metal additive manufacturing (AM) has made in the last decades, there are still some major concerns guaranteeing its massive industrial application in the biomedical field. Indeed, some main limitations arise in dealing with their biological properties, specifically in terms of osseointegration. Morphological accuracy of sub-unital elements along with the printing resolution are major constraints in the design workspace of a lattice, hindering the possibility of manufacturing structures optimized for proper osteointegration. To overcome these issues, the authors developed a new hybrid multifunctional composite scaffold consisting of an AM Ti6Al4V lattice structure and a silk fibroin/gelatin foam. The composite was realized by combining laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) of simple cubic lattice structures with foaming techniques. A combined process of foaming and electrodeposition has been also evaluated. The multifunctional scaffolds were characterized to evaluate their pore size, morphology, and distribution as well as their adhesion and behavior at the metal–polymer interface. Pull-out tests in dry and hydrated conditions were employed for the mechanical characterization. Additionally, a cytotoxicity assessment was performed to preliminarily evaluate their potential application in the biomedical field as load-bearing next-generation medical devices.

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Mechanical Characterization and In Vitro Assay of Biocompatible Titanium Alloys

Cited by 26 publications

References 44 publications

Design of a Novel Trabecular Acetabular Cup and Selective Laser Melting Fabrication

Design of a Novel Trabecular Acetabular Cup and Selective Laser Melting Fabrication

A Review of Anodized TiNbSn Alloys for Improvement in Layer Quality and Application to Orthopedic Implants

Hybrid Ti6Al4V/Silk Fibroin Composite for Load-Bearing Implants: A Hierarchical Multifunctional Cellular Scaffold

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