Mechanical Reasoning about Gear-and-belt Diagrams: Do Eye-movements Predict Performance?

Question asking and eye tracking during cognitive disequilibrium: Comprehending illustrated texts on devices when the devices break down

“…Eye-tracking behavior should help us (1) identify the cognitive processes that occur before, during, and after the questions about the faults and (2) test some predictions of the PREG model of question asking. Our focus on illustrated texts about devices allows us to relate our findings to other investigations of device comprehension and reasoning (Hegarty, 1992;Hegarty & Just, 1993;Hegarty, Narayanan, & Freitas, 2002;Mayer & Sims, 1994;Rozenblit, Spivey, & Wojslawowicz, 2002) and, thus, refine the PREG model with respect to the underlying cognitive mechanisms.…”

Metacognition in self-regulated multimedia learning: integrating behavioural, psychophysiological and introspective measures

“…In fact, eye movements can be considered as informative about individuals' cognitive elaboration of the target stimuli. Eye fixations, which concern the maintaining of the visual gaze on a single location, suggest that information has been processed by the cognitive system, according to the 'mind-eye hypothesis' (Just and Carpenter 1980;Rozenblit, Spivey, and Wojslawowicz 2002). In agreement with Jacob and Karn (2003), the number of fixations can be related to the observer's search for relevant information.…”

Perspective taking in children and adults: Equivalent egocentrism but differential correction

“…Eye-fixations provide a unobtrusive method for tracking on-line cognition, and is well accepted as a valid indicator of information processing and attention (Rayner, 1998;Tannenhaus, Magnuson, Dahan, & Chambers, 2000;Tannenhaus, Spivey-Knowlton, Eberhard, & Sedivy, 1996). Eye movements track linguistic processing while reading (Rayner, 1998), reveal interference between languages among bilinguals (Spivey & Marian, 1999), follow the logical causal sequence in problem-solving tasks and correlate with solution accuracy (Hegarty, 1992;Rozenblit, Spivey, & Wojslawowicz, 2002), and tightly track objects in the environment discussed during the course of conversation (Cooper, 1974;Tannenhaus, Spivey-Knowlton, Eberhard, & Sedivy, 1995). In addition, guiding visual attention to relevant information during a problem solving task substantially influences reasoning and performance (Grant & Spivey, 2003).…”