Perspective taking in children and adults: Equivalent egocentrism but differential correction

Epley, Nicholas; Morewedge, Carey K.; Keysar, Boaz

doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2004.02.002

Cited by 473 publications

(396 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The simulation constraint hypothesis is indirectly supported by recent findings of egocentric social cognitive biases in adults (Epley et al 2004). Epley and his colleagues found that participants' eye gaze preferentially moved to privileged visual space in response to an experimenter's ambiguous referential communication.…”

Section: Notesmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…Adults, however, more rapidly correct their egocentrism to adjust for others' limited knowledge (e.g., by quickly shifting their gaze and moving the chocolate Easter bunny). If, as Epley et al (2004) reason, individuals do become better with experience at making adjustments to correct for their initial egocentric views, but then rely on simulation to revise their social attributions, then even the best perspective-taking skills should falter when it comes to reasoning about dead agents' "perspective-less" minds. This is because any attempt at correcting for egocentrism by using simulation would still run up against simulation constraints (e.g., "does he know that he's dead?")…”

Section: Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The supernatural guilt trip does not take us far enough

Gjersoe

Hood

2006

Behav Brain Sci

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The present article examines how people's belief in an afterlife, as well as closely related supernatural beliefs, may open an empirical backdoor to our understanding of the evolution of human social cognition. Recent findings and logic from the cognitive sciences contribute to a novel theory of existential psychology, one that is grounded in the tenets of Darwinian natural selection. Many of the predominant questions of existential psychology strike at the heart of cognitive science. They involve: causal attribution (why is mortal behavior represented as being causally related to one's afterlife? how are dead agents envisaged as communicating messages to the living?), moral judgment (why are certain social behaviors, i.e., transgressions, believed to have ultimate repercussions after death or to reap the punishment of disgruntled ancestors?), theory of mind (how can we know what it is "like" to be dead? what social-cognitive strategies do people use to reason about the minds of the dead?), concept acquisition (how does a common-sense dualism interact with a formalized socio-religious indoctrination in childhood? how are supernatural properties of the dead conceptualized by young minds?), and teleological reasoning (why do people so often see their lives as being designed for a purpose that must be accomplished before they perish? how do various life events affect people's interpretation of this purpose?), among others. The central thesis of the present article is that an organized cognitive "system" dedicated to forming illusory representations of (1) psychological immortality, (2) the intelligent design of the self, and (3) the symbolic meaning of natural events evolved in response to the unique selective pressures of the human social environment.

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Section: Notesmentioning

confidence: 56%

Section: Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The supernatural guilt trip does not take us far enough

Gjersoe

Hood

2006

Behav Brain Sci

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“…Indeed, ability in counterfactual reasoning has emerged as a necessary but not sufficient component of successful performance in false belief tasks (Peterson & Bowler, 2000). However, although this theoretical similarity appears plausible given the multiple mental spaces Recently, some studies have attempted to use on-line measures to investigate the linguistic processing of perspectives, including common ground knowledge and theory of mind issues (Nadig & Sedivy, 2002;Hanna, Tanenhaus & Trueswell, 2003;Keysar, Barr, Balin & Brauner, 2000;Keysar, Lin & Barr, 2003;Epley, Morewedge & Keysar, 2004).…”

Section: Families Could Feed Their Cat a Bowl Of Fish é)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Expectations in counterfactual and theory of mind reasoning

Ferguson

Scheepers

Sanford

2010

Language and Cognitive Processes

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“…Nuestros resultados muestran una cierta efectividad parcial de la toma de perspectiva, en línea con la investigación realizada hasta el momento (Aberson & Haag, 2007;Batson et al, 1997;Epley et al, 2004aEpley et al, , 2004bGalinsky, 2002;Galinsky & Ku, 2004;Galinsky & Moskowitz, 2000;Galinsky et al, 2005Galinsky et al, , 2008Hillman & Martin, 2002;Vescio et al, 2003;Weyant, 2007). Es decir, existen condiciones en las que esta estrategia resulta útil para combatir el sesgo intergrupal, resultando muy relevantes las diferencias individuales en este escenario (Hodson, 2009).…”

Section: -Discusiónunclassified

Combatiendo el prejuicio en personas mayores desde la formación.

Cámara¹,

Castillo²,

Rico³

et al. 2018

Revista INFAD de Psicología

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RESUMEN:El presente estudio analiza la efectividad de un procedimiento de reducción automática del prejuicio, basado en la asunción de la perspectiva de los miembros de grupos estereotipados. Específicamente, se aborda la evaluación de esta estrategia cognitiva en población mayor, y se contemplan variables potencialmente moduladoras entre la intervención y sus efectos sobre el prejuicio: personalidad, valores, empatía y atribución. Se recogieron datos en una muestra de 58 participantes con edad media de 63 años, en la que se implementó una intervención basada en imaginería mental dirigida a la reducción del prejuicio. Los resultados muestran una moderada efectividad de la estrategia y hallan interacción con diversas variables moduladoras. Particularmente fue la amabilidad, junto con la actividad atribucional y los valores de benevolencia, universalismo, autodirección y conformidad, los que intervinieron modulando la eficacia de la toma de perspectiva. La discusión, además de contrastar paralelismos y divergencias con los resultados de otros experimentos, sugiere algunas aplicaciones en la formación de personas mayores, demostrando que la autorregulación cognitiva se plantea como una competencia relevante en los estadios avanzados de la vida, decisiva para lograr un envejecimiento activo, satisfactorio e inclusivo.

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Perspective taking in children and adults: Equivalent egocentrism but differential correction

Cited by 473 publications

References 49 publications

The supernatural guilt trip does not take us far enough

The supernatural guilt trip does not take us far enough

Expectations in counterfactual and theory of mind reasoning

Combatiendo el prejuicio en personas mayores desde la formación.

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