Mechanically deposited tungsten disulfide saturable absorber for low-threshold Q-switched erbium-doped fiber laser

Lau, Kenneth; Latif, Amirah Abdul; Bakar, M. H. Abu; Muhammad, F.D.; Omar, Muhammad Firdaus; Mahdi, Mohd Adzir

doi:10.1007/s00340-017-6790-z

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…24 Therefore, the saturable absorption (SA) properties of these novel 2D materials are an important research topic, as the mainstream saturable absorbers used for Q-switching and mode locking, e.g., doped crystals and SESAMs, still have some limitations such as narrow operation wavebands, limited response times, high cost, and complex fabrication processes. 34,35 A previous study confirmed that WS 2 exhibits strong SA properties and an ultrahigh optical damage threshold with a broad operational wavelength range from the visible range [36][37][38] up to the mid infrared range; 39,40 therefore, Q-switching 32,34,[36][37][38][40][41][42][43][44][45] and mode locking 32,35,39,[46][47][48] laser pulses can be generated by utilizing WS 2 as a saturable absorber in various laser systems. The fabrication of WS 2 film is relatively simple and low cost compared with that of the mainstream saturable absorbers used in commercial pulsed laser products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Technique and model for modifying the saturable absorption (SA) properties of 2D nanofilms by considering interband exciton recombination

et al. 2018

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Technique and model for modifying the saturable absorption (SA) properties of 2D nanofilms by considering interband exciton recombination

et al. 2018

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“…Furthermore, the types of material used for deposition has expanded enormously with the introduction of carbon nanotubes [9], graphene [10], topological insulators [11], transition metal chalcogenides [12][13][14], black phosphorus [15] and lately phosphorene [16]. The SA structures demonstrated in prior works include fiber ferrule [17], microfiber [18], and D-shaped fiber [19]. Despite the good Q-switching performance of the aforementioned SAs, the fabrication process of such an SA itself is rather difficult with ambiguous steps.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

All-fiber passively Q-switched erbium fiber laser implementing erbium-ytterbium-thulium co-doped saturable absorber fiber

Lau

Abidin

Abas

et al. 2018

J. Opt.

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We demonstrate a passive Q-switched fiber laser using an erbium-ytterbium-thulium (Er-Yb-Tm) doped fiber. The length of the Er-Yb-Tm co-doped fiber is varied from 0.4 m to 1.4 m to study the effect of this passive gain medium for pulse laser performance. The proposed laser operates in the pulse operation regime within a certain range of pump powers, which is dependent on the length of the Er-Yb-Tm co-doped fiber. A longer fiber employed in the laser cavity results in a higher laser pump power threshold, but a wider pump power range of pulse laser operation. The experimental outcome shows that a 1.0 m Er-Yb-Tm co-doped fiber offers the best performance in this work with a Q-switched pump power threshold of 45.1 mW, the widest pulse energy output range of 0.0439 μJ from 0.0167 μJ to 0.0606 μJ, with the supplementary advantage of 120.7 mW Q-switched laser operating range. This fiber gain medium analysis contributes to the generation of short pulse laser source without employing any chemical materials and complex laser setup.

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“…For instance, Wu et al demonstrated a Q-switched EDFL using WS 2 nanosheets, which were prepared using a liquid-phase exfoliation method and embedded in a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film [10]. Through a mechanical exfoliation technique, the WS 2 also can work as SA for Qswitching generation [11]. However, the signal-to-noise ratio of the formatted pulse is only up to 43dB.…”

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confidence: 99%

Q-switched fiber laser with tungsten disulfide saturable absorber prepared by drop casting method

et al. 2017

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Abstract-We experimentally demonstrate a passively Q-switched erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) operation by using a saturable absorber (SA) based on tungsten disulfide (WS2). By depositing a WS2 thin film layer at the end of an optical fiber ferrule, we fabricated an SA device. The SA is incorporated into an Erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) cavity to generate a Q-switching pulses train operating at 1559.8 nm. As a result, stable passively Q-switched EDFL pulses with a maximum output pulse energy of 123.2nJ, repetition rate of 104.1kHz, and pulse width of 9.61μs are achieved when the input pump power is 142.1mW at a wavelength of 980nm. (SAs). Compared with SESAMs, these emerging materials possess the excellent virtues of a broader operation wavelength band, more excellent nonlinear optical response, and easier fabrication. Among them, a group of semiconducting TMDs, like tungsten disulfide (WS 2 ) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ), have stood out for their typical graphene-like two-dimensional (2D) layered structure, unique thickness-dependent bandgap and stronger light-matter interaction than graphene [9].Most of the reported Q-switched lasers have low output power. For instance, Wu et al. demonstrated a Q-switched EDFL using WS 2 nanosheets, which were prepared using a liquid-phase exfoliation method and embedded in a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film [10]. Through a mechanical exfoliation technique, the WS 2 also can work as SA for Qswitching generation [11]. However, the signal-to-noise ratio of the formatted pulse is only up to 43dB. Chen et al. demonstrated high damage WS 2 SA and obtained pulse energy reaching 68.5nJ [12]. In another work, the WS 2 based Q-switched EDFL was demonstrated to generate a cylindrical-vector beam [13]. By combining WS 2 and * E-mail: yasin@fst.unair.ac.id SESAM, Chen et al. successfully generated a modelocked pulse laser at the C-band region [14]. In this letter, we demonstrate a Q-switched EDFL using WS 2 based SA, which was prepared using a drop casting method. Compared to the previously reported, this paper has successfully demonstrated a higher repetition rate and short pulse width size [15]. Moreover, the proposed laser produced a higher maximum pulse energy of 123nJ. The SA is developed by repeatedly dropping the WS 2 onto a fiber ferrule and a dried SA device is incorporated in the ring laser cavity. This technique offers simplicity in fabrication compared to composite film, besides it allows control over the insertion loss.In the experiment, we used a WS 2 pristine flakes solution, which was obtained by a liquid exfoliation method. The WS 2 flakes with the purity of more than 99% were dispersed by using a mixture of ethanol and water as a solvent. Then the dispersed solution was treated for 120min by a high-power ultrasonic cleaner. After sonication, the dispersion was allowed to settle for several hours. To remove large agglomeration, the dispersion was centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 30 min, after which the upper supernatant was collected. The concentration of WS 2 nanosheets i...

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Mechanically deposited tungsten disulfide saturable absorber for low-threshold Q-switched erbium-doped fiber laser

Cited by 12 publications

References 36 publications

Technique and model for modifying the saturable absorption (SA) properties of 2D nanofilms by considering interband exciton recombination

Technique and model for modifying the saturable absorption (SA) properties of 2D nanofilms by considering interband exciton recombination

All-fiber passively Q-switched erbium fiber laser implementing erbium-ytterbium-thulium co-doped saturable absorber fiber

Q-switched fiber laser with tungsten disulfide saturable absorber prepared by drop casting method

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