Mechanism and Analytical Applicability of Luminol-Specific Extrinsic Lyoluminescence of UV-Irradiated Potassium Peroxodisulfate

Abstract

Luminol shows strong chemiluminescence with an emission maximum at ∼430 nm in the presence of sulfate radicals. Sulfate radicals were produced by the dissolution of UV-irradiated potassium peroxodisulfate powder in aqueous luminol solutions. The UV irradiation at 6.7 eV produces a solid solution of sulfate radical in potassium peroxodisulfate by rupturing −O−O− bonds, as in solution, but now the solid solution is stable in a time scale of years in dryness. In the present system, luminol chemiluminescence is produced via several parallel pathways having a common triggering step, one-electron oxidation of luminol monoanion by sulfate or hydroxyl radical. Present chemiluminescence allows sensitive luminol detection from picomolar to micromolar level with a linear response over 5 orders of magnitude, after which luminescence is too strong for single-photon counting. The high sensitivity of luminol detection allows us to propose extrinsic lyoluminescence of potassium peroxodisulfate as a new and simple method for detection step of bioaffinity assays using luminol or isoluminol derivatives as label compounds.

Hot Electron-Induced Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence of Ru(bpy)32+ Chelate at Oxide-Covered Aluminum Electrodes

“…Quartz-distilled water was used in all solutions. The safety precautions required in handling of the reagents have been presented previously. , …”

“…Furthermore, we have recently demonstrated that luminol also shows strong ECL during cathodic pulse polarization of oxide-covered aluminum electrodes in aqueous solution when highly oxidizing radicals are cathodically generated . However, luminol shows strong CL in the presence of sulfate radicals generated by other methods, as well, and does not require necessarily the reduction of luminol or its follow-up products . When sulfate radicals are generated in aqueous Ru(bpy) 3 2+ solution in the absence of strong reductants no CL is generated…”

Chemiluminescence on a Microchip

“…Secondly, a gaseous product N2 was produced during the model CL reaction. 20,23 This resulted in unstable electric currents, and thus unstable electroosmotic flow during the experiments.…”

Cathodic electrochemiluminescence of lucigenin at disposable oxide-coated aluminum electrodes

“…V vs. SHE) [53] by hydrogen abstraction as the main secondary radicals (84.3%) [40,54]. Obviously, the reducing secondary radicals cannot excite ECL in the present system.…”