Mechanism for transition of porous explosive system combustion into detonation

Ермолаев, Б. С.; Сулимов, А. А.; Okunev, V. A.; Khrapovskii, V. E.

doi:10.1007/bf00749072

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The stages of the mechanism bear similarities to other mechanisms that have been proposed for tetryl, 11 picric acid, [14][15][16] and some propellants, 12,13 but the combination that has been found in PETN in this study is new. The stages in the mechanism are a conductive burn which rapidly becomes a convective burn.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

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A new mechanism for deflagration-to-detonation in porous granular explosives

Gifford¹,

Luebcke²,

Field³

1999

Journal of Applied Physics

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…[14][15][16] This mechanism has been shown to occur in these materials when they are in a high porosity charge composed of small particles. Described as a type II transition the principle feature of this process is a double wave structure in which the leading convective wave is followed by a high velocity post- convective wave.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

A new mechanism for deflagration-to-detonation in porous granular explosives

Gifford¹,

Luebcke²,

Field³

1999

Journal of Applied Physics

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“…The first of the two deflagration waves could be evidence for a leading com paction front as suggested by Baer et al (1986), which causes adiabatic compres sion of air-spaces yielding light emission. Alternatively, Ermolaev et al (1988) suggested that it could be a leading combustion wave which results in only par tial decomposition of the CP. The striations as described in the results section give clues about possible mechanisms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An experimental study of the deflagration-to-detonation transition in granular secondary explosives

Luebcke

Dickson

Field

1995

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A

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The deflagration-to-detonation transition (DDT) has been studied in prepared columns of granular secondary explosive. The secondary explosives 2- (5-cyanotetrazolato) pentammine cobalt (III) perchlorate (CP) and pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) were chosen for the study due to their known propensity to undergo DDT within a few millimetres of ignition. Confinement of CP columns within polycarbonate and PETN within metallic confinement fitted with slit windows allowed direct high-speed streak photography of the events. Deflagration and detonation velocities and the run-to-detonation lengths were measured as a function of charge pressed density. Ignition of the explosive column was attained thermally through a copper barrier with a gasless pyrotechnic. Deflagration and detonation velocities were seen to depend strongly upon pressed density with both explosives. There appeared to be a maximum density conducive to DDT with both explosives but no minimum with CP. Studies of DDT continue to have interest for the safe storage and use of reactive materials, and for the development of a detonator based on a secondary explosive.

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“…Two types of deflagration-to-detonation transition (DDT) have been identified in columns of explosive materials composed of small crystals [61][62][63]. Which one occurs has been found to depend upon the density of packing (porosity).…”

Section: Deflagration-to-detonation Transition (Ddt)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Shock Initiation and High Strain Rate Mechanical Characterization of Ultrafine Energetic Powders and Compositions

et al. 2003

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This paper reviews the techniques that have been developed at the Cavendish Laboratory for the study of the mechanical and ignition properties of energetic materials. HIGH-SPEED PHOTOGRAPHYA number of techniques have been developed and applied in our laboratory for the investigation of the properties of energetic materials. One method we have used in a wide range of such studies has been high-speed photography e.g. refs [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. The advantage is that it is possible to see directly what is going on in, for example, hot spot initiation of energetic materials.In recent years, it has increasingly been desired to model the impact response of structures containing energetic materials using numerical methods. If meaningful numerical results are going to be obtained for, say, munitions or rockets, it is of vital importance that constitutive relations be constructed which describe the mechanical response of unreacted energetic materials over the temperature and strain rate ranges of interest. With this in mind, we have developed a range of techniques for obtaining the mechanical properties of energetic materials over a wide range of strain rates and temperatures. Examples of publications where such data have been published include refs [4, 7, 12-20].One problem with conventional mechanical testing methods is that they only allow the measurement of the global response of a specimen. Energetic materials usually consist of a viscoelastic binder heavily loaded with explosive crystals. In order to develop realistic and physically-based constitutive models for such unusual composites, it is vital to determine how these materials deform on the mesoscale. To this end, we have developed a range of optical and microscopy techniques. These have been used for both quasistatic [14, 15,18,[21][22][23] and dynamic studies [19,20,[24][25][26]. HOPKINSON BARSThe split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) is one of the most widely used machines for obtaining the stress-strain properties of materials at high rates of deformation (10 3 -10 4 s -1 ) [27,28]. Our initial work in this area was to develop a miniaturised direct impact system (DIHB) allowing strain rates between 10 4 and 10 5 s -1 to be accessed [29,30]. A larger DIHB was later developed to obtain the high rate mechanical properties of polymer-bonded explosives (PBXs) and polymers [7, 31]. In recent years, we have constructed a suite of conventional SHPBs of various mechanical impedances so as to be able to measure the high rate properties of materials

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Mechanism for transition of porous explosive system combustion into detonation

Cited by 9 publications

References 3 publications

A new mechanism for deflagration-to-detonation in porous granular explosives

A new mechanism for deflagration-to-detonation in porous granular explosives

An experimental study of the deflagration-to-detonation transition in granular secondary explosives

The Shock Initiation and High Strain Rate Mechanical Characterization of Ultrafine Energetic Powders and Compositions

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