Mechanism of burial metamorphism of argillaceous sediment: 1. Mineralogical and chemical evidence

Hower, John; Eslinger, Eric; Hower, Mark E.; Perry, Edward A.

doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1976)87<725:mobmoa>2.0.co;2

Cited by 1,291 publications

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“…Fe203, MgO, and SiO2 decrease, whereas A1203 increases with increasing PI. These Si, Mg, and A1 trends are similar to those found by Hower et al (1976) for the Gulf Coast Oligocene-Miocene sediments. I/S from sample 2/7-3,3365m deviated significantly from the general trend in containing less Mg and Fe and more AI.…”

Section: Lattice Transformation During Illite Layer Formationsupporting

confidence: 72%

“…The solid-state transformation was previously proposed for I/S in shales and bentonites by Hower et al (1976). The neoformation mechanism was proposed by Nadeau et al (1985), who investigated diagenetic illitic clays from sandstones and bentonites.…”

Section: Reaction Pathways For Formation Of Illite From Smectite Layersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They concluded that tetrahedral sheets having minor Al-for-Si substitution (the typical smectite substitution pattern) must be present in the illite particles. Therefore, these particles were most likely formed by Al-for-Si replacement, the mechanism proposed by Hower et al (1976), and not by a neoformation and growth of illite particles, the mechanism proposed by Nadeau et al (1985).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diagenetic Structural Transformations in North Sea Jurassic Illite/Smectite

Lindgreen

1991

Clays and clay miner.

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Abstract--The Kimmeridgian-Volgian(-Ryazanian) claystone is the principal oil source rock in the troughs of the North Sea. Randomly (R0) ordered mixed-layer illite/smectite (US) appears to have transformed to RI-(IS) or R3-(ISII) ordered simultaneously with oil generation. The proportion of illite layers in I/S increased to 95% d,aring diagenesis in these claystones. Exceptions are three samples of I/S of probably bentonitic origin; these have apparently changed during diagenesis to R0-0rdered I/S containing 40-50% illite layers. Fine fractions of the claystones dominated by I/S were analyzed by ZTAl and 29Si magic-angle spinning (MAS)-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, ~TFe Mrssbauer spectroscopy, and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and for total chemical composition. Si/AI ratios determined from MAS-NMR agree closely with those calculated from total chemical analysis; however, tetrahedral and octahedral AI occupancies were most accurately determined by NMR. An increase in the percentage of illite layers and in the ordering of the I/S was accompanied by fixation of K ~ and NH4 + in the I/S, by tetrahedral AIfor-Si substitution, and by octahedral Al-for-(Mg + Fe) substitution, resulting both in an increase of charge in the 2:1 layers and in a migration of charge from octahedral to tetrahedral sheets. The I/S of probably bentonitic origin had a larger tetrahedral and a smaller octahedral charge than expected from its content of illite layers. MAS-NMR showed a significantly higher content of tetrahedral AI (most likely in smectitic sites) than expected from the percentage ofillite layers calculated from XRD. Correspondingly, XRD of K+-saturated and glycolated specimens showed that several smectite layers possessed a significant charge. A constant b-dimension of the I/S and the presence of a significant charge in the smectite layers suggest that a transformation of smectite to illite layers in the I/S by tetrahedral Al-for-Si substitution followed by interlayer cation fixation and interlayer contraction is the most probable genesis for the I/S investigated.

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Section: Lattice Transformation During Illite Layer Formationsupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Reaction Pathways For Formation Of Illite From Smectite Layersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diagenetic Structural Transformations in North Sea Jurassic Illite/Smectite

Lindgreen

1991

Clays and clay miner.

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“…Em sequências sedimentares, a illita ocorre como uma partícula deposicional ou sob a forma de cimento, ou pela illitização da esmectita (Hower et al 1976;Boles & Franks 1979;Altaner & Ylagan 1997), ou ainda pela alteração do feldspato detrítico (Morad & Aldahan 1987;Bjorkum & Gjelsvik 1988;De Ros et al 1994). À medida que aumenta a profundidade de soterramento, acontece a illitização da esmectita (Boles & Franks 1979), e a reflexão 001, característica da illita sob a difração de Raios X (d = 10Å), torna-se cada vez mais bem definida.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…As transformações da esmectita para illita e desta para muscovita, condicionadas pelo aumento de temperatura e pressão, começaram a ser mais detalhadamente estudadas a partir da década de 1960, com o intuito de definir a zona diagenética e a anquizona (Kübler 1968;Dunoyer de Segonzac 1969;Hower et al 1976;Boles & Franks 1979;Singer & Müller 1983;Hillier 1989;Velde & Vasseur 1992;Leoni et al 1996;Wang et al 1996;Dudek & Srodon 2003;Srodon et al 2009), bem como o limite do metamorfismo de baixo grau (Kisch 1983;Frey 1987;Jahren & Aagard 1992;Árkai et al 1996;Warr & Nieto 1998;Jaboyedoff et al 2001;Lee & Lee 2001;Abad et al 2003;Kamp 2008), inclusive quando há influência de esforço tectônico (Hoffman & Hower 1979;Eslinger & Sellars 1981;Piqué 1982;Akande & Erdtmann 1998;Poyatos et al 2001).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Influência da pressão e temperatura na cristalinidade da illita em sequências Proterozoicas: Norte do Distrito Federal e Goiás, Brasil

et al. 2015

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As sequências Proterozoicas, ao Norte no Distrito Federal e na região de Bezerra e Vila Boa (Goiás), são constituídas por calcários e dolomitos, pelitos e arenitos correspondentes aos Grupos Bambuí e Paranoá. No Distrito Federal, tais unidades são sobrepostas tectonicamente por rochas metassedimentares de fácies xisto-verde do Grupo Canastra. Entre os constituintes minerais dos termos pelíticos de todas estas unidades, predominam os filossilicatos, particularmente a illita e a muscovita, identificados por difração de Raios X, com o auxílio de decomposição da reflexão em d(001). O Índice de Kübler (Índice de Cristalinidade da Illita) complementa a interpretação da diagênese local e da possível influência de carga tectônica sobre diagênese/metamorfismo, resultante da sobreposição por falha de empurrão das rochas do Grupo Canastra sobre aquelas dos grupos Paranoá e Bambuí, na região do Distrito Federal. Os resultados indicam condições de epizona para as amostras analisadas do Grupo Canastra e anquizona para aquelas dos Grupos Bambuí e Paranoá, sendo que os valores do Índice de Kübler são menores nas rochas expostas ao norte do Distrito Federal do que na região de Bezerra, em Vila Boa. Além disso, os índices das rochas do Grupo Bambuí são inferiores aos do Paranoá em toda a região estudada, indicando que a influência da carga tectônica ocorre de forma gradativa, partindo do ponto de maior carga.

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Clays, Survey

Dombrowski¹

2000

Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology

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Clays are distinctive in at least two properties: plasticity and composition. Wetted clay deforms by application of relatively slight pressure retaining the deformed shape after release of the pressure. Clays are predominantly composed of hydrous phyllosillicates, called clay minerals, which exist in layers within the clay particles. The various minerals differ with regard to structure of the alternating layers, water content, and associated cations. The crystalline and paracrystalline groups of clay are presented as is the reliance of clay properties on composition and particle size. The surface area of the clay particles, often colloidal in size and usually platelike in shape, often dictates clay properties. The origin and locations of the various clays are discussed. Clay mineralogy is presented.

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Mechanism of burial metamorphism of argillaceous sediment: 1. Mineralogical and chemical evidence

Cited by 1,291 publications

References 0 publications

Diagenetic Structural Transformations in North Sea Jurassic Illite/Smectite

Diagenetic Structural Transformations in North Sea Jurassic Illite/Smectite

Influência da pressão e temperatura na cristalinidade da illita em sequências Proterozoicas: Norte do Distrito Federal e Goiás, Brasil

Clays, Survey

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