Mechanism of detonation of emulsion explosives with microballoons

The Effect of the Energetic Additive Coated MgH2 on the Power of Emulsion Explosives Sensitized by Glass Microballoons

“…Emulsion explosives are a kind of non-ideal explosive. According to the famous ZND detonation model, there is a chemical reaction zone after the shock wave front during the detonation [4,18], as shown in Figure 4. GMs are not energetic materials and only act as sensitizers in the emulsion explosive, but untreated MgH 2 powder in the emulsion explosive plays a double role as sensitizer and energetic material because of the hydrogen bubbles.…”

“…Glass microballoons (GM) are one kind of physical sensitizer to introduce uniformly distributed bubbles into the emulsion matrix, and is commonly used in the emulsion explosive industry [3]. Due to the interaction of these bubbles with the shock wave propagating in the emulsion explosive, so-called "hot spots" are formed and subsequent reaction growth results in detonation buildup [4]. Traditional emulsion explosives have many advantages, such as excellent water resistance, safe handling and storability, but their power is still relatively low [5].…”

Sensitivity effects of void density and arrangement in a REBO high explosive

“…Medvedev et al [8] conducted a theoretical analysis of emulsion explosives with microballoons that explained changes in detonation velocity with microballoon concentration via an ignition and growth model with a constant mass burn rate per hotspot. Bourne and Milne [9] experimentally and computationally considered a hexagonal lattice of cylindrical voids in an emulsion explosive or nitromethane and observed that the reactions at the hotspots accelerated the shock relative to a comparison with water.…”

Experience in plasma production of hollow ceramic microspheres with required wall thickness

“…Such powders have gained widespread use, and they offer potential in many novel technological processes. Among such processes is the production of lightweight and buoyant materials [1], strong composite sound and heat insulators [2], heat-insulating paint coatings [3], lightweight proppants [4], radio transparent ceramics and electromagnetic interference isolation [5][6][7], explosives [8], catalysts [9], inertial fusion confinement targets [10,11], etc. Investigations into the possibility to extract helium out of natural gas [12] and to store hydrogen [13] using the selective gas permeability of ceramic hollow spheres are under way.…”