Mechanism of skin pigmentation

Abstract

Melanin is a pigment that plays an important role in providing coloration and protecting human skin from the harmful effects of UV light radiation. Human skin color is determined by the type and amount of melanins that are synthesized and deposited within the melanosomes. In addition, the transfer of these specialized membrane-bound organelles from melanocytes to surrounding keratinocytes also plays a role in dictating human skin color. In order to investigate the principle features of skin pigmentation, the origin, function, and production ability of melanin should be highly understood in terms of biological and pathophysiological aspects. Furthermore, a deep understanding of melanin synthesis will also contribute to cosmetics and drugs development. In this review, the processes of melanin biosynthesis, such as survival, proliferation, and differentiation of melanin cells, as well as the biological regulation of human pigmentation were described. © KSBB

Antioxidant Activities and Phenolics of Passiflora edulis Seed Recovered from Juice Production Residue

“…Pigmentation of the skin hair and eyes are therefore visible in similar to plant browning. Therefore, tyrosinase inhibitor can terminate melanin biosynthesis and applicable in cosmetic and food industries as well 21,22 .…”

Constituents with tyrosinase inhibitory activities from branches of Ficus erecta var. sieboldii King

“…As tyrosinase plays a key role in melanin synthesis, inhibition of this enzyme is an effective method for downregulating melanin production. Accordingly, tyrosinase inhibitors have become increasingly important in medicinal and cosmetic products for hyperpigmentation treatment 7 . Currently, chemicals such as arbutin, kojic acid, and hydroquinone derivatives are clinically used.…”

Anti-inflammatory and Whitening Effects of Protaetia brevitarsis Seulensis Extracts by Oriental Conversion Methods

“…멜라닌의 종류로는 pheomelanin과 eumelanin이 있다 [14]. Tyrosinase는 tyrosine을 DOPA quinone과 DOPA chrome으로 산화시키는 단계에 참여하는 효소 이다 [15]. 기능성 화장품에서 미백소재 개발 연구는 tyrosinase의 저해활성뿐만 아니라 멜라닌 생성과정에 관 여하는 각종 효소의 저해 활성, 이와 관련이 있는 유전 자 발현과 멜라닌 생성을 세포 수준에서 관찰하고 인 체 시험을 통해서 평가 확인하는 과정을 거친다.…”