Mechanisms of drought resistance in grain: II Stomatal regulation and root growth

Amede, Tilahun; Schubert, Sven

doi:10.4314/sinet.v26i2.18209

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Osmotic adaptation was found to be low or even absent in faba beans (Amede et al, 1999;Sau & Minguez, 2000;Katerji et al, 2002;Amede & Schubert, 2003a), moderate in pea (Yan et al, 1994;Amede & Schubert, 2003a) and high in both chickpea (Leport et al, 1998;Amede & Schubert, 2003b) and lentil (Leport et al, 1998;Leport et al, 2003). Drought tolerant pea genotypes had better turgor maintenance, which was significantly related to osmotic adjustment (Sánchez et al, 1998).…”

Section: Osmotic Adjustmentmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Screening techniques and sources of resistance to abiotic stresses in cool-season food legumes

et al. 2006

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The adaptability and productivity of cool-season food legumes (chickpea, faba bean, lentil, pea) are limited by major abiotic stresses including drought, heat, frost, chilling, waterlogging, salinity and mineral toxicities. The severity of these stresses is unpredictable in field experiments, so field trials are increasingly supplemented with controlledenvironment testing and physiological screening. For drought testing, irrigation is used in dry fields and rain-out shelters in damp ones. Carbon isotope discrimination ( 13 C) is a well-established screen for drought tolerance in C3 cereal crops which is now being validated for use in grain legumes, but it is relatively expensive per sample and more economical methods include stomatal conductance and canopy temperature. Chickpea lines ICC4958 and FLIP87-59C and faba bean line ILB938 have demonstrated good drought tolerance parameters in different experiments. For frost tolerance, an efficient controlled-environment procedure involves exposing hardened pot-grown plants to subzero temperatures. Faba beans Cote d'Or and BPL4628 as well as lentil ILL5865 have demonstrated good freezing tolerance in such tests. Chilling-tolerance tests are more commonly conducted in the field and lentil line ILL1878 as well as derivatives of interspecific crosses between chickpea and its wild relatives have repeatedly shown good results. The timing of chilling is particularly important as temperatures which are not lethal to the plant can greatly disrupt fertilization of flowers. Salinity response can be determined using hydroponic methods with a sand or gravel substrate and rapid, efficient scoring is based on leaf symptoms. Many lines of chickpea, faba bean and lentil have shown good salinity tolerance in a single article but none has become a benchmark. Waterlogging tolerance can be evaluated using paired hydroponic systems, one oxygenated and the other de-oxygenated. The development of lysigenous cavities or aerenchyma in roots, common in warm-season legumes, is reported in pea and lentil but is not well established in chickpea or faba bean. Many stresses are associated with oxidative damage leading to changes in chlorophyll fluorescence, membrane stability and peroxidase levels. An additional factor relevant to the legumes is the response of the symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria to the stress.

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Section: Osmotic Adjustmentmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Differences in stomatal resistance and leaf water status were shown when legume varieties were exposed to drought (Grzesiak et al, 1997) and water conservation was attributable to efficient stomatal regulation in legumes (Amede & Schubert, 2003b).…”

Section: Gas Exchangementioning

confidence: 99%

Screening techniques and sources of resistance to abiotic stresses in cool-season food legumes

et al. 2006

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“…Radiation is thus a necessary variable for understanding phase change. Finally leaf conductance is proportional to radiation, at least for C3 plants due to the modulation of stomata opening [17]. The two common non-intensive methods to calculate PET based on temperature and radiation are the Thornthwaite method [16] and the Hamon method [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drought Tolerance in Wild Plant Populations: The Case of Common Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Cortés

Monserrate²,

Ramírez-Villegas

et al. 2013

PLoS ONE

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Reliable estimations of drought tolerance in wild plant populations have proved to be challenging and more accessible alternatives are desirable. With that in mind, an ecological diversity study was conducted based on the geographical origin of 104 wild common bean accessions to estimate drought tolerance in their natural habitats. Our wild population sample covered a range of mesic to very dry habitats from Mexico to Argentina. Two potential evapotranspiration models that considered the effects of temperature and radiation were coupled with the precipitation regimes of the last fifty years for each collection site based on geographical information system analysis. We found that wild accessions were distributed among different precipitation regimes following a latitudinal gradient and that habitat ecological diversity of the collection sites was associated with natural sub-populations. We also detected a broader geographic distribution of wild beans across ecologies compared to cultivated common beans in a reference collection of 297 cultivars. Habitat drought stress index based on the Thornthwaite potential evapotranspiration model was equivalent to the Hamon estimator. Both ecological drought stress indexes would be useful together with population structure for the genealogical analysis of gene families in common bean, for genome-wide genetic-environmental associations, and for postulating the evolutionary history and diversification processes that have occurred for the species. Finally, we propose that wild common bean should be taken into account to exploit variation for drought tolerance in cultivated common bean which is generally considered susceptible as a crop to drought stress.

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“…However, it is considered sensitive to water deficits throughout the ontogeny of the crop (Khan et al. , ), nonetheless terminal drought is the most devastating in Mediterranean‐type climates (Amede and Schubert , Khan et al. ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological and Yield Responses of Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) to Drought Stress in Managed and Open Field Environments

Ammar

Anwar

El-Harty

et al. 2014

J Agronomy Crop Science

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Water scarcity is threatening the sustainability of global food grain production systems. Devising management strategies and identification of crop species and genotypes are direly required to meet the global food demands with limited supply. This study, consisted of two independent experiments, was conducted to compare faba bean (Vicia faba L.) genotypes Giza Blanka, Goff‐1, Hassawi‐1, Hassawi‐2 and Gazira‐2 in terms of physiological attributes and yield under water‐limited environments. In first experiment, conducted in a growth chamber, osmotic stress of −0.78, −0.96, −1.19 and −1.65 MPa was induced using polyethylene glycol for 4 weeks. In second experiment, conducted in open field for two consecutive growing seasons, water deficit treatments were applied 3 weeks after sowing. In this experiment, irrigation was applied when an amount of evaporated water from the ‘class A pan’ evaporation reached 50 mm (well watered), 100 mm (moderate drought) and 150 mm (severe drought). Water deficit, applied in terms of osmotic stress or drought, reduced the root and shoot length, related leaf water contents, total chlorophyll contents and efficiency of photosystem‐II, plant height, grain yield and related attributes in faba bean; increased the leaf free proline, leaf soluble proteins and malondialdehyde contents, and triggered the maturity in tested faba bean genotypes. However, substantial genetic variation was observed in the tested genotypes in this regard. For instance, root length of genotypes Giza Blanka and Hassawi‐2 decreased gradually, whereas it was increased in genotypes Goff‐1, Hassawi‐1 and Gazira‐2 with increase in the level of osmotic stress. Genotypes Gazira‐2 and Hassawi‐2 had better relative leaf water contents, leaf free proline and soluble proteins under water deficit conditions; however, these were minimum in genotype Giza Blanka. Better accumulation of leaf free proline, soluble proteins, and maintenance of chlorophyll contents, tissue water, efficiency of photosystem‐II and grain weight in water‐limited conditions helped some genotypes like Hassawi‐2 to yield better. Future breeding programs for developing new faba bean genotypes for water‐limited environments may consider these traits.

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Mechanisms of drought resistance in grain: II Stomatal regulation and root growth

Cited by 12 publications

References 13 publications

Screening techniques and sources of resistance to abiotic stresses in cool-season food legumes

Screening techniques and sources of resistance to abiotic stresses in cool-season food legumes

Drought Tolerance in Wild Plant Populations: The Case of Common Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Physiological and Yield Responses of Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) to Drought Stress in Managed and Open Field Environments

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