Mechanisms of elementary events in the kinetics of electrical breakdown of polymer and ceramic dielectrics

Bipolar model for electrical breakdown in polyethylene materials under dc high electrical fields

“…The obtained values of E B in all Fig. 4(aed) are in the same range of the electrical breakdown field reported in literature [14,16,26,27]. For example in Ref.…”

“…Indeed, the values of t B that we have obtained are also in the range (1e10 7 s) exposed in Ref. [26]. From these figs, we can also remark that the time of breakdown decreases with the thickness.…”

Physical factors influencing dielectric polymer electrical breakdown by generated space charges under a strong electric field

“…At the electrodes, when the temperature value increases from 301 to 320 K, the breakdown time t B decreases from 279.3 to 50 s, as it is indicated on the profiles of figure 4(a). These conclusions are in agreement with the reference [28]. Indeed, the temperature augmentation can induce a gradual increasing of the charge injection fluxes which can lead to the occurring of the electrical breakdown instability more and more quickly.…”

“…Consequently, these considerable distortions can lead to rapid appearance of the electrical instability that induces electrical breakdown of the sample. We note that the t B obtained values, corresponding to the figure 2(a) profiles, are situated in the breakdown time interval of reference [28].…”

Unraveling bio-inspired pre-swollen effects of tetra-polyethylene glycol double network hydrogels with ultra-stretchable yielding strain

“…Modelling of pre-swollen effect on covalent and ionic bondsAfter the first loading process, the external stress is mainly applied onto the covalent and ionic bonds of the tetra-PEG first network. Morse potential function is then introduced to formulate the constitutive relations of stress and interatomic potential ( ( ) c Ux ) for the covalent bonds[36,37]: is the dissociation energy of the interatomic covalent bond without vibration, c  is the Morse coefficient and x is the distance of the interatomic bond.…”